BACKGROUND Directional sounds simulated using nonindividualized head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) often result in front-back confusion. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to examine how manipulating these nonindividualized HRTF spectra can reduce front-back confusion in headphone-simulated directional sounds. METHOD HRTFs of six ear-level directions were studied (angles of 0 degrees, 4...

The introduction of quality, risk, safety, health and environmental management philosophies has significantly changed industry's view of company organization and controlling processes. Quality, risk, safety, health and environmental programs and systems, such as ISO 9000, ISO 14000, process safety, and risk management are impacting the way industry will meet the challenges of safety and environ...

7 María Castañeda-Bueno, Norma Vázquez, 1 Ismael Bustos-Jaimes, 2 Damian Hernández, 1 8 Erika Rodríguez-Lobato, 1 Diana Pacheco-Alvarez, 3 Raquel Cariño-Cortés, 4 9 Erika Moreno, Norma A. Bobadilla, and Gerardo Gamba 10 11 12 Molecular Physiology Unit, 13 Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, 14 Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, 15 and Instituto de...

In the traditional cost-efficiency model, the information about each decision unit includes inputs, outputs, and the input prices are fixed and specific. In practice, the price of the inputs often fluctuates at different times, and these prices for the decision-making unit are time-dependent. By the traditional method, the efficiency of decision units is impossible in the presence of time-depen...

A 53-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with persistent vomiting followed by hematemesis. She reported heavy alcohol consumption on the previous day. Her blood pressure was 100/80mmHg and her pulse rate was 131 beats/minute. The results of laboratory studies revealed a hemoglobin level of 8.0g/dL. On esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), two mucosal lacerations measuring approxima...

The objective of this study was to compare the financial performance and stock companies with without ISO series certifications. In study, EVA (Economic Value Added) ratios, particularly Debt Equity, Return on Assets, reflect performance, while anomalous returns represent performance. This utilizes data from 2011 2019 firm reports that have acquired 9000 14000 certification. results indicate or...

Ideal rods and clocks are defined as an infinitesimal symmetry of the spacetime. Since no a priori geometric structure is considered, all the possible models of spacetime are obtained.

In visual images, we perceive both space (as a continuous visual medium) and objects (that inhabit space). Similarly, in dynamic visual experience, we perceive both continuous time and discrete events. What is the relationship between these units of experience? The most intuitive answer may be similar to the spatial case: time is perceived as an underlying medium, which is later segmented into ...