To determine whether there is a difference in the effects of T- and L-type calcium antagonists on systemic, renal, and glomerular hemodynamics, the pathological changes of N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-exacerbated nephrosclerosis and clinical alterations were investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Seven groups of 17-week-old male SHRs were studied: Group 1, control...

Previously, we have reported that intranigral infusions of malonate, an inhibitor of mitochondrial function, lead to the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway that is mediated, at least in part, through NMDA receptor activation and nitric oxide formation. In the present study, unilateral focal infusions of malonate into the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (nbM) o...

Therapeutic alternatives are needed against infections caused by highly multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Novobiocin, an old antibiotic, was tested in vitro and in a murine sepsis model against one amoxicillin-susceptible and three amoxicillin-resistant strains [minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) 8-64 mg/L]. Novobiocin MICs for all strains were 0.25-0.5 mg/L. In sepsis, novobi...

The influence of nitric oxide (NO) on antinociceptive activity of diazepam (DZ), chlordiazepoxide (CDP) and clonazepam (CZ) was examined using the writhing test in mice. The effect of DZ was also studied in mice using hot plate and tail flick tests. DZ (1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg), CDP (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) and CZ (0.075, 0.3125, 0.625, 1.25 and 2.5 mg/kg) produced significant, dose-depend...

Wastewater was spiked with cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) at various concentrations applied in soil under gladiolus crop research farm of Water Technology Center, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi during 2017. Changes parameters were determined as per the standard methods. Results indicated that properties in-terms pH, organic carbon, phosphorous, potassium micronutrients (Cu, Fe, Mn...

Background: Cylophosphamide is used alone or in combination with other drugs for treatment of neoplastic diseases. Hemorrhagic cystitis is a major potential toxicity and dose limiting side effect of cyclophosphamide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lycopene compared with some antioxidants for the prevention of cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rats. Methods: ...