PURPOSE To evaluate accommodative lag before, during the year of, and after the onset of myopia in children who became myopic, compared with emmetropes. METHODS The subjects were 568 children who became myopic (at least -0.75 D in each meridian) and 539 children who were emmetropic (between -0.25 D and +1.00 D in each meridian at all visits) participating between 1995 and 2003 in the Collabor...

To investigate the effects of fertilization, tillage, and their interaction on maize yield, an experiment rice-maize was conducted 2018/19 2019/20 at Agriculture Forestry University (AFU), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. The in a split-plot with two establishment methods viz. (i) zero tillage followed after (fa) conventionally tilled dry direct seeded rice (ZT fa CT-DDSR) (ii) conventional puddled tran...

While extracting dynamics parameters from backbone (15)N relaxation measurements in proteins has become routine over the past two decades, it is increasingly recognized that accurate quantitative analysis can remain limited by the potential presence of systematic errors associated with the measurement of (15)N R(1) and R(2) or R(1ρ) relaxation rates as well as heteronuclear (15)N-{(1)H} NOE val...

Let R be an o-minimal field with a proper convex subring V . We axiomatize the class of all structures (R, V ) such that kind, the corresponding residue field with structure induced from R via the residue map, is o-minimal. More precisely, in [8] it was shown that certain first order conditions on (R, V ) are sufficient for the o-minimality of kind. Here we prove that these conditions are also ...

By some extremely simple arguments, we point out the following: (i) If n is the least positive kth power non-residue modulo a positive integer m, then the greatest number of consecutive kth power residues mod m is smaller than m/n. (ii) Let OK be the ring of algebraic integers in a quadratic field K = Q( √ d) with d ∈ {−1,−2,−3,−7,−11}. Then, for any irreducible π ∈ OK and positive integer k no...

‡ Every function on a finite residue class ring D/I of a Dedekind domain D is induced by an integer-valued polynomial on D that preserves congruences mod I if and only if I is a power of a prime ideal. If R is a finite commutative local ring with maximal ideal P of nilpotency N satisfying for all a, b∈R, if ab∈ P then a∈ P k , b∈ P j with k+ j ≥min(n,N), we determine the number of functions (as...

The purpose of this paper is to address a number of issues raised by Avramov and Miller in a recent paper [1]. Let (R,m, k) be a Noetherian local ring of characteristic p > 0 with residue field k, and let φ : R → R be the the Frobenius homomorphism defined by φ(a) = a. For r ≥ 1, we denote by φrR the R-module structure on R via φ. That is, for a ∈ R and b ∈ φ r R, a · b = a r b. When R is a reg...

A novel combination of experimental data and extensive computational modeling was used to explore probable protein-protein interactions between photoactivated rhodopsin (R*) and experimentally determined R*-bound structures of the C-terminal fragment of alpha-transducin (Gt(alpha)(340-350)) and its analogs. Rather than using one set of loop structures derived from the dark-adapted rhodopsin sta...

= 1 or −1 according as j is or is not a quadratic residue mod p. A multivariable generalization of Theorem 1.1 follows. Theorem 1.1 is a special case of Theorem 1.2 with x3 = · · · = xp = 0. Theorem 1.2. Let p be an odd prime and p = (−1)(p−1)/2p. Then there exist integer polynomials R(x1, x2, . . . , xp) and S(x1, x2, . . . , xp) such that 4 · det(circ(x1, x2, . . . , xp)) x1 + x2 + · · ·+ xp ...