Fixation disparity, i.e. the vergence error within Panum's area, can be measured psychophysically with two nonius (vernier) lines that are presented dichoptically, i.e. one to each eye. The observer adjusts these nonius lines to subjective alignment; the resulting physical nonius offset indicates the amount of fixation disparity. The present experiments investigate the relation between fixation...

Even though binocular disparity is a very well-studied cue to depth, the function relating disparity and perceived depth has been characterized only for the case of horizontal disparities. We sought to determine the general relationship between disparity and depth for a particular set of stimuli. The horizontal disparity direction is a special case, albeit an especially important one. Non-horiz...

In this paper, we demonstrate how the quality of disparity maps could be improved by applying windows that adapt their shape. In our approach, windows adapt to high-correlation structures in disparity space, which we call the disparity components. The shape of adaptive windows is found by projection the disparity components to the input images, which results in two non-rectangular windows. The ...

A block code of the form (2p)B(2p+1)B cannot provide both d.c. balance and redundant codewords for control signals. We describe a new set of additional rules that may be applied to groups of consecutive codewords in order to provide both d.c. balance and a large control space, and show how 256 10-bit control symbols may be achieved with a d.c. balanced 4B5B code. Introduction: nBmB block coding...

In depth cue-conflict conditions, various depth cues could represent different extents of depth. Previous studies have investigated the perceived size of negative afterimage in depth cue-correlated conditions in which different cues introduce almost the same amounts of depth to the visual system. This study examined the perceived size of the afterimage in the human observers in a condition that...

In 2015, black women represented 61% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses among women (1). HIV diagnosis rates among women declined during 2010-2014 (1); however, whether the decline resulted in a decrease in the disparities between black women and Hispanic and white women was unknown. To assess whether a change in disparities occurred, CDC used three different measures of disparity:...

In stereo vision, regions with ambiguous or unspecified disparity can acquire perceived depth from unambiguous regions. This has been called stereo capture, depth interpolation or surface completion. We studied some striking induced depth effects suggesting that depth interpolation and surface completion are distinct stages of visual processing. An inducing texture (2-D Gaussian noise) had sinu...

In depth cue-conflict conditions, various depth cues could represent different extents of depth. Previous studies have investigated the perceived size of negative afterimage in depth cue-correlated conditions in which different cues introduce almost the same amounts of depth to the visual system. This study examined the perceived size of the afterimage in the human observers in a condition that...

When viewing reverspective stimuli, data-driven signals such as disparity, motion parallax, etc, help to recover veridical three-dimensional (3-D) shape. They compete against schema-driven influences such as experience with perspective, foreshortening, and other pictorial cues that favor the perception of an illusory depth inversion. We used three scaled-size versions of a reverspective to stud...

Eye strain is often experienced when viewing a stereoscopic image pair on a flat display device (e.g., a computer monitor). Violations of two relationships that contribute to this eye strain are: 1) the accommodation/convergence breakdown and 2) the conflict between interposition and disparity depth cues. We describe a simple algorithm that reduces eye strain through horizontal image translatio...