A mixed dominating set of a graph G=(V,E) is D vertices and edges, such that for every edge or vertex, if it not in D, then adjacent incident to at least one vertex D. The domination problem find with minimum cardinality. It has applications system control some other scenarios NP-hard compute an optimal solution. This paper studies approximation algorithms hardness the weighted problem. version...

In the title compound, [(Ph(3)P)(2)N](+)·[Cl-H-Cl](-) or C(36)H(30)NP(2) (+)·Cl(2)H(-), the H atom of the [Cl-H-Cl](-) anion and the N atom of the [(Ph(3)P)(2)N](+) cation are located on a twofold axis, yielding overall symmetry 2 for both the cation and the anion. The central P-N-P angle [144.12 (13)°] of the cation is in the expected range and indicates only weak cation-anion inter-actions. T...

Scheduling astronomy observations for the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) requires assessing tradeoffs between the percentage of scheduled observations, the Line Of Sight Water Vapor (LOS-WV) achieved on those observations, and fuel consumption. This trade space is complex, depending on time of year and specific mixes of observations, and cannot be effectively analyzed ...

The aim of this article is to discuss some of the notions and applications of random walks on finite graphs, especially as they apply to random graphs. In this section we give some basic definitions, in Section 2 we review applications of random walks in computer science, and in Section 3 we focus on walks in random graphs. Given a graphG = (V,E), let dG(v) denote the degree of vertex v for all...

We determine paleoelevation of the Sierra Nevada, California, by tracking the effect of topography on precipitation, as recorded in hydrogen isotopes of kaolinite exposed in gold-bearing river deposits from the Eocene Yuba River. The data, compared with the modern isotopic composition of precipitation, show that about 40 to 50 million years ago the Sierra Nevada stood tall (>/=2200 meters), a r...