Conservation Biogeography and Macroecology Programme, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK, CE3C – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores – Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal, IRD Laboratoire Écologie des Systèmes ...

Abstract The early events characterising implantation of the human embryo represent a critical step in which proper activation orchestrated molecular pathways regulate success pregnancy. Understanding this complex network is considered by many last frontier reproduction. Although outstanding research advancements have provided clinicians tools to select best quality embryo, identification optim...

This paper studies the ways that the performance of direct drive serial robots changes as system size is changed. We are particularly interested in the physical laws for scaling down direct drive arms to small sizes. Using theoretical scaling analysis, we show that there is a net physical performance advantage to small direct drive arms. A key factor for direct drive robot performance is the to...

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) suppresses tumor formation by blocking cell cycle progression and maintaining tissue homeostasis. In pancreatic carcinomas, this tumor suppressive activity is often lost by inactivation of the TGF-beta-signaling mediator, Smad4. We found that human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines that have undergone deletion of MADH4 constitutively expressed high endog...