Recent advances, such as the availability of extensive genome survey sequence (GSS) data and draft physical maps, are radically transforming the means by which we can dissect Brassica genome structure and systematically relate it to the Arabidopsis model. Hitherto, our view of the co-linearities between these closely related genomes had been largely inferred from comparative RFLP data, necessit...

Intraspecific variation was examined among 25 mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs), representing between two and five lines of eight agriculturally important Brassica species. Each of the approximately 140 restriction sites surveyed was invariant within each species. Only two length polymorphisms, deletions of 700 bp and 100 bp in a Brassica nigra line, were detected. A single inversion polymorphism was...

هدف: این پژوهش با هدف ارائه مدل چالش‌های پرورش کودکان کم‌شنوای پیش‌دبستانی از دیدگاه مادران و متخصصان بر اساس نظریه داده‌بنیاد انجام ‌شده است. روش: نمونه 15 مادر کودک کم‌شنوا 4 تا 6 ساله انجمن والدین شهر تهران 5 متخصص حوزه ناشنوا بودند که در سال 1400 استفاده روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. چالش ­های طریق مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته عمیق رسیدن به اشباع نظری جمع‌آوری کدگذاری (کدگذاری باز، محوری ان...

Brassica vegetable consumption (e.g., Chinese cabbage) provides isothiocyanates (ITC) and other glucosinolate derivatives capable of inducing Phase II enzymes [e.g., glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1) and NADPH quinine oxidoreductase] and apoptosis, altering steroid hormone metabolism, regulating estrogen receptor response, and stabilizing cellular proliferation. Asian populat...

Previous studies suggest that the estrogen metabolite 16alpha-hydroxyestrone acts as a breast tumor promoter. The alternative product of estrogen metabolism, 2-hydroxyestrone, does not exhibit estrogenic properties in breast tissue, and lower values of the ratio 2-hydroxyestrone:16alpha-hydroxyestrone (2:16) in urine may be an endocrine biomarker for greater breast cancer risk. Vegetables of th...

This paper gives an overview of the epidemiological data concerning the cancer-preventive effect of brassica vegetables, including cabbage, kale, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and cauliflower. The protective effect of brassicas against cancer may be due to their relatively high content of glucosinolates. Certain hydrolysis products of glucosinolates have shown anticarcinogenic properties. The res...

Aquaporins (AQPs) are essential channel proteins that regulate plant water homeostasis and the uptake and distribution of uncharged solutes such as metalloids, urea, ammonia, and carbon dioxide. Despite their importance as crop plants, little is known about AQP gene and protein function in cabbage (Brassica oleracea) and other Brassica species. The recent releases of the genome sequences of B. ...

Brassica species represent a broad range of crops. This reflects the high degree of genetic diversity and related phenotypic plasticity. An understanding of the genetic basis of Brassica diversity aids both breeding and the discovery of rare alleles and traits. Single Sequence Repeat (SSR) molecular markers are popular tools for assessing genetic diversity due to their high degree of polymorphi...

Self-incompatibility in Brassica species is regulated by a set of S-locus genes: SLG, SRK, and SP11/SCR. In the vicinity of the S-locus genes, several expressed genes, SLL2 and SP2/ClpP, etc., were identified in B. campestris. Arabidopsis thaliana is a self-compatible Brassica relative, and its complete genome has been sequenced. From comparison of the genomic sequences between B. campestris an...

Brassica crops may be infested and infected by a wide range of pest and pathogen species. For example, as many as 50 species of insect from several orders (Diptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera) are considered to be Brassica pests. Some of these species are specialists in that they colonise plants from the Brassicaceae and close relatives, whilst others, such as Myzus persic...