Traumatic head injuries can cause internal bleeding within the brain. The resulting hematoma can elevate intracranial pressure, leading to complications and death if left untreated. A craniotomy may be required when conservative measures are ineffective. To augment conventional surgical training, a Virtual Reality-based intracranial hematoma simulator is being developed. A critical step in perf...

Depressed patients with brain tumors are often not referred to awake craniotomy because of concern of uncooperation which may increase the risk of perioperative complications. This report describes an interesting case of Awake Craniotomy for frontal lobe glioma in 41 year old woman undergoing language and motor mapping intra-operatively. As she was fearful and apprehensive and was on antidepres...

We report the case of a 39-year-old male with complex cyanotic congenital heart disease undergoing emergency craniotomy for a cerebral abscess. Maintenance of intraoperative hemodynamic stability and adequate tissue oxygenation during anesthesia may be challenging in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease. In this case, we decided to perform the surgery as an awake craniotomy after int...

Cortical mapping has demonstrated a wide variability in the location of areas controlling speech, memory, motor and sensory function. These regions of the cortex, often referred to as eloquent cortex, can be near areas of epileptic foci or pathologic lesions, making the surgical resection of these lesions difficult. Optimal assessment of eloquent cortex function during a craniotomy often requir...

Background Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a neurosurgical condition with high prevalence. Many surgical approaches are recommended for treating CSDH, but there needs to be consensus on the optimal technique. This network meta-analysis (NMA) compared efficacy and safety of different treatments CSDH. Methods Electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, were searched rele...

BACKGROUND The enormous development of microsurgical techniques and instrumentation together with preoperative planning using the excellent preoperative diagnostic facilities available, enables neurosurgeons to treat more complicated diseases through smaller and more specific approaches. METHODS The technical details of the supraorbital key-hole craniotomy are described in this article as it ...

BACKGROUND The major difficulty in postoperative care in patients after craniotomy is to distinguish the intracranial deficits from the residual effect of general anesthesia. In present study, we used cerebral state index (CSI) monitoring in patients after craniotomy with delayed recovery, and evaluated the prediction probability of CSI for long-term postoperative unconsciousness. METHODS We ...

In this work, some case studies were conducted to classify several kinds of hand motions from electrocorticography (ECoG) signals during intraoperative awake craniotomy & extraoperative seizure monitoring processes. Four subjects (P1, P2 with intractable epilepsy during seizure monitoring and P3, P4 with brain tumor during awake craniotomy) participated in the experiments. Subjects performed th...

We report the case of a 39-year-old male with complex cyanotic congenital heart disease undergoing emergency craniotomy for a cerebral abscess. Maintenance of intraoperative hemodynamic stability and adequate tissue oxygenation during anesthesia may be challenging in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease. In this case, we decided to perform the surgery as an awake craniotomy after int...

Various regional anesthetics have been used for postoperative analgesia pediatric craniotomy. In this case series, we report retrospectively collected data on pain and analgesic use in 44 patients who received ultrasound-guided occipital nerve blocks addition to intravenous agents posterior craniotomy procedures. the immediate post-anesthesia care unit, was rated as zero or well controlled 77% ...