Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation can improve the functional capacity, but has a variable effect on the low fat-free mass (FFM) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Hypothesis: Pulmonary rehabilitation would not affect catabolic drives such as systemic inflammation and also protein breakdown. Methods: Patients (n = 40) were studied at the start of an 8-week in-patient pulm...

Peak O2 uptake (VO2) has traditionally been compared among individuals differing in body composition by dividing measured values (1/min) by fat-free mass (FFM) (i.e., ratio method). However, the ability of the ratio method to mathematically remove the confounding influence of FFM from peak VO2 has recently been questioned. Therefore, we compared the effectiveness of the ratio method vs. regress...

Isometric maximal handgrip strength (GSmax) has been used as an expedient test of overall muscle strength and index of fat-free mass (FFM). We tested this relationship in 55 fit young men undergoing high rates of FFM loss in an 8.5-wk military training course involving multiple stressors including nutritionally uncomplicated energy deficit. GSmax was measured by a hand dynamometer interfaced wi...

BACKGROUND Low fat-free mass (FFM) is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in elderly and patient populations. Therefore, measurement of FFM is important in nutritional assessment. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a convenient method to assess FFM and FFM index (FFMI; FFM/height(2)). Although reference values have been established for individuals with normal body weight, no specif...

BACKGROUND Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a potentially valuable method for assessing lean mass and body fat levels in children from different ethnic groups. We examined the need for ethnic- and gender-specific equations for estimating fat free mass (FFM) from BIA in children from different ethnic groups and examined their effects on the assessment of ethnic differences in body fat. ...

This study sought to extend previous work on the five-factor dimensional model (FFM) of personality disorder (PD) by developing more comprehensive FFM descriptions of prototypic cases. Specifically, the authors asked experts in each of the 10 DSM-IV PDs to rate the prototypic case by using all 30 facets of the FFM. Aggregating across raters of the given disorder generated a prototype for each d...

The relationship between resting energy expenditure (REE) and metabolically active fat-free mass (FFM) is a cornerstone in the study of physiological aspects of body weight regulation and human energy requirements. Important questions, however, remain unanswered regarding the observed linear REE-FFM association in adult humans. This led us to develop a series of REE-body composition models that...

We examined the relationships between Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy-the three traits of the Dark Triad (DT)-and the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality. The review identified 310 independent samples drawn from 215 sources and yielded information pertaining to global trait relationships and facet-level relationships. We used meta-analysis to examine (a) the bivariate relations...

BACKGROUND In underweight elders, resting energy expenditure (REE) and its relationship with fat-free mass (FFM) could be modified by sarcopenia, physical activity, and functional limitation. The aims of this study were to investigate REE and its relationship with quantity and metabolic activity of FFM and to evaluate the influence of functional status on REE in underweight elderly subjects. ...

BACKGROUND Preterm infants have a higher fat mass (FM) percentage and a lower fat-free mass (FFM) than do term infants at the time of hospital discharge. OBJECTIVE We determined perinatal and nutritional factors that affect the body composition of preterm infants at discharge. DESIGN A total of 141 preterm infants born at <35 wk of gestation and admitted to Nantes University Hospital Neonat...