OBJECTIVE Children with type 1 diabetes are usually asked to perform self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) before meals and at bedtime, and it is assumed that if results are in target range, along with HbA(1c) measurements, then overall glycemic control is adequate. However, the brief glimpses in the 24-h glucose profile provided by SMBG may miss marked glycemic excursions. The MiniMed Contin...

Blood glucose monitoring is a way of testing the concentration of glucose in the blood. The most recent advance is the development of continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) which gives 24 hour trend of blood sugar levels thus helping both the patient and the physician in achieving better glycemic control. CGMS in pediatric population is generally used for those on insulin pumps and those w...

Collective graphical models (CGMs) provide a framework for reasoning about a population of independent and identically distributed individuals when only noisy and aggregate observations are given. Previous approaches for inference in CGMs work on a junction-tree representation, thereby highly limiting their scalability. To remedy this, we show how the Bethe entropy approximation naturally arise...

PURPOSE To determine whether the use of continuous subcutaneous glucose monitoring will help in detecting unrecognized nocturnal hypoglycemia and in lowering hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (without increasing the risk for severe hypoglycemia) in children with type 1 diabetes. METHODS Eleven children with type 1 diabetes and HbA1c values consistently >8.0% were randomized either to the Continuo...

BACKGROUND Continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) accuracy is of critical importance both in delivering therapeutic value and as a component of a closed-loop system. This study aims at assessing the differences between accuracy assessments of CGMS at home and at the clinical research center (CRC). METHODS Twelve patients with type 1 diabetes used the Dexcom® SEVEN® PLUS (DexCom, Inc.) CG...

Purpose: To validate two Continuous Glucose Monitoring systems (CGMs) against arterial AccuChek® point-of-care glucose measurements in critically ill patients. Methods: Two CGMs, Guardian RT® (GRT) and Freestyle Navigator® (FsN), were used for 5 days in mechanically ventilated patients with Multiple Organ Dysfunction syndrome. The measurements at T=0, T +10 min and T + 20 min were linked to T=0...

The use of continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMSs) with lowglucose alarms is advocated as a means to decrease the risk of hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes. Unfortunately, marked mismatches between CGMS readings and actual blood glucose (BG) concentrations limit the usefulness of CGMS in preventing hypoglycemia (1). Although we showed recently that raising the alarm level to compensate for ...

In this paper, by linearly combining the numerator and denominator terms of Dai-Liao (DL) Bamigbola-Ali-Nwaeze (BAN) conjugate gradient methods (CGMs), a general form DL-BAN method has been proposed. From form, new hybrid CGM, which was found to possess sufficient descent property is generated. Numerical experiment carried out on CGM in comparison with four existing CGMs, using some set large s...

PURPOSE The aim of the study was to determine the safety of three intensive insulin therapy methods: multiple daily insulin injections (MDI), continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and continuous intravenous insulin infusion (IVII) used in poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients in hospital condition. The safety of these intensive insulin therapy methods was measured by the assessme...