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PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors for transient lymphedema (TLE) and persistent lymphedema (PLE) following treatment for breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1,073 patients who underwent curative breast surgery were analyzed. TLE was defined as one episode of arm swelling that had resolved spontaneously by the next follow-up; arm swelling that persisted ...

The aim of this study was to compare the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of gamma-irradiated persimmon leaf extract (GPLE) with those of non-irradiated persimmon leaf extract (PLE). Ethanolic extract of persimmon leaf was exposed to gamma irradiation at a dose of 10 kGy. After gamma irradiation, the color of the extract changed from dark brown to light brown. The anti-oxidative ...

Protein losing enteropathy (PLE) has been associated with more than 60 different conditions, including nearly all gastrointestinal diseases (Crohn's disease, celiac, Whipple's, intestinal infections, and so on) and a large number of non-gut conditions (cardiac and liver disease, lupus, sarcoidosis, and so on). This review presents the first attempt to quantitatively understand the magnitude of ...

This paper reports on the results of the first stage of an exploratory research on the learning potential of Personal Learning Environment, not simply as a technological artifact but as an instrument to support the learning process. Firstly, we present PLE as an enriched concept. Secondly we identify the roles a PLE can play to improve the quality of the learning process. Thirdly, we explore wa...

Web 2.0 technology integration requires a higher level of self-regulated learning skills to create a Personal Learning Environment (PLE). This study examined each of the four aspects of learner self-regulation in online learning (i.e., environment structuring, goal setting, time management, & task strategies) as the predictor for level of initiative and sense of control with regard to iGoogle g...

Pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) is essentially an analyteand matrix-independent technique. It provides cleaner extracts than the time-consuming classical procedures. In this study, PLE was miniaturised and performed in a stainless-steel cell of 10 mm x 3 mm I.D. 50 mg amounts of the solid samples were packed in the holder. After being subjected to the PLE procedure, 50 out of 100-μl extract...

In recent years, various naturally occurring defence peptides such as plectasin have attracted considerable research interest because they could serve as alternatives to antibiotics. However, the production of plectasin from natural microorganisms is still not commercially feasible because of its low expression levels and weak stability. A tandemly arrayed plectasin gene (1,002 bp) from Pseudop...

INTRODUCTION Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE), sometimes referred to as protein-losing gastroenteropathy, is an unusual cause of hypoproteinemia and is characterized by the shedding of large quantities of protein from the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa. PLE may result from a wide variety of etiologies and can be both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the practicing gastroenterologist. The...

Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) is a rare complication of a variety of intestinal disorders characterized by an excessive loss of proteins into the gastrointestinal tract due to impaired integrity of the mucosa. The clinical presentation of patients with PLE is highly variable, depending upon the underlying cause, but mainly consists of edema due to hypoproteinemia. While considering PLE, othe...