BACKGROUND Judo therapy is a well established Japanese co-medical profession specializing in outpatient manual treatment of fractures and sprains. Recently, the number of judo therapists has been rapidly increasing as a result of proliferation judo therapy academies. This study examines whether such rapid increases have improved geographical distribution of judo therapy facilities in Japan. M...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of income inequality and parental socioeconomic status on several birth outcomes in Japan. Data were collected on birth outcomes and parental socioeconomic status by questionnaire from Japanese parents nationwide (n = 41,499) and then linked to Gini coefficients at the prefectural level in 2001. In multilevel analysis, z scores of birth we...

The expression levels of SLC or ABC membrane transporter transcripts typically differ 100- to 10,000-fold between different tissues. The Gini coefficient characterizes such inequalities and here is used to describe the distribution of the expression of each transporter among different human tissues and cell lines. Many transporters exhibit extremely high Gini coefficients even for common substr...

BACKGROUND The assessment of population health has traditionally relied on the population's average health measured by mortality related indicators. Researchers have increasingly recognized the importance of including information on health inequality and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in the assessment of population health. The objective of this study is to assess the health of Americans...

The concept of weighted f Gini mean di¤ erence for convex and symmetric functions in linear spaces is introduced. Some fundamental inequalities and applications for norms are also provided. 1. Introduction The Gini mean di¤erence of the sample a = (a1; : : : ; an) 2 R is de…ned by G (a) = 1 2n2 n X

Tile paper proposes a new, and a much simpler, way to calculate the Gini coefficient. The existence of a relationship between linear (concave or convex) Pen's income parade, and specific values of the Gini coefficient is derived, c~ ) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.

Despite growing interest in data stream mining the most successful incremental learners still use periodic recomputation to update attribute information gains and Gini indices. This note provides simple incremental formulas and algorithms for computing entropy and Gini index from time-changing data streams.