This study aimed to evaluate the effect of beers on the bovine enamel microhardness. Fifty rectangular (1 x 3 x 1 mm-height x width x thickness) enamel specimens were obtained from permanent bovine incisors, and divided into five groups (n = 10) according to the treatment employed: Saliva, Coke, Brahma, Heineken, and Budweiser. Microhardness (Knoop) were obtained before; after 5, 30 and 60 min ...

This study aimed to produce and evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of craft beers with addition yellow passion fruit pulp acceptance level these products by sensory analysis. The 2% (w/v) was performed in two stages: A) wort, before primary alcoholic fermentation B) green beer, after maturation stage. pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, reducing sugars phenolic compounds wer...

savage have made use of intoxicating drinks of some kind from time immemorial. Modern research has established the fact that alcoholic beverages were prepared from cereals by the Babylonians about 4,000 B.C. and ancient explorers have dilated upon the wonderful skill ?f man which enabled him to turn barley into wine. Primitive man in his progress towards civilization first developed the art of ...

Odorants comprising the hop aromas of beers were examined. Strongly hopped beers with Saazer, Hersbrucker, and Cascade hops were compared with unhopped beer by gas chromatography-olfactometry (CharmAnalysis) and sensory evaluation. Twenty-seven odorants were revealed as hop-derived, which derived either directly from hops or via metabolization, and 19 components were identified. Of the componen...

BACKGROUND Predisposition to adverse drug events with advancing age has led to the development of lists of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) to be avoided in the elderly, such as the Beers Criteria. The prevalence of Beers medications has been studied widely, but it is still unclear whether PIM use is predictive of adverse events in older people. OBJECTIVES To examine potential ass...

Potentially inappropriate prescribing (IP) is an issue of major importance in the pharmacotherapy of older people globally. To date, Beers’ criteria have been in common research usage for defining potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in older people. However, Beers’ criteria have a number of serious flaws and are of doubtful relevance to routine geriatric pharmacotherapy. For these reas...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the national prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) prescribed in ambulatory care clinics in Taiwan according to three different sets of regional criteria and the correlates of PIM use. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING This analysis included older patients who visited ambulatory care clinics in 2009 and represented half of the older populati...