Background: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) are cardiac peptide hormones with pivotal roles in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis. BNP and its precursor fragment are accepted as gold standard markers for heart failure (HF). Human ANP is present in the atria of the heart and plasma as 3 endogenous molecular forms designated α-ANP, β-ANP, and proANP. A pr...

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptors from A10 cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and rat olfactory bulbs have been solubilized and then pharmacologically and biochemically compared. The dissociation constant for 125I-ANP(99-126) was 12.7 pM for the VSMC-derived receptor and 164 pM for the olfactory receptor. Competition binding between 125I-ANP(99-126) and several unlabeled ANP ...

Binding sites for 125I-atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)2 in rat olfactory bulb membranes have been studied using pharmacological and biochemical methods. Various unlabeled ANP-related peptides were tested for the ability to inhibit the binding of the radioligand in membrane binding assays. ANP(92-126) and ANP(99-126) were the most potent inhibitors tested, both exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.40 ...

The ANP knockout mouse is reported to exhibit pregnancy-associated hypertension, proteinuria and impaired placental trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling, key features of pre-eclampsia (PE). We hypothesized that these mice may provide a relevant model of human PE with associated fetal growth restriction (FGR). Here, we investigated pregnancies of ANP wild type (ANP(+/+)), heterozygo...

Left ventricular hypertrophy is characterized by stimulation of ventricular synthesis of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). This study was designed to test the hypothesis that the increased ventricular ANP levels participate in the release of ANP into the circulation. Swimming was used as a physiologic model to induce ANP release from the heart, and atrial and ventricular levels of immunoreactiv...

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) mediates a variety of physiological effects through its interaction with ANP-A, ANP-B or ANP-C receptors. However, controversies exist regarding the involvement of ANP-C receptor and adenylyl cyclase/cAMP signal-transduction systems to which these receptors are coupled in mediating these responses. In the present studies, we have employed an antisense approach t...

The role of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and potential defects of ANP in liver disease are reviewed. Patients with cirrhosis of the liver show no decrease of ANP plasma concentrations nor changes in the pattern of ANP immunoreactivity nor changes of splanchnic ANP clearance. The renal effects of exogenously administered as well as endogenously released ANP are blunted in cirrhosis, in parti...

هدف: با توجه به کاستی‌های موجود، نظام سیاست‌گذاری سازمانی فرایندی سیستماتیک، هدفمند و منظم برای تولید داده‌های حاصل از عملکرد، پردازش آن‌ها اطلاعات تبدیل آن دانش سیاستی نیاز دارد تا نسبت کم کیف تحقق اهداف سیاست‌ها، آثار پیامدهای موفقیت یا ناکامی‌شان آگاهی داشته تصمیم‌گیری بهره گیرد. ازاین‌رو مسئله اصلی که محقق تلاش رفع می‌پردازد تبیین این موضوع است سیاست‌ها راهبردهای کلان چه پیامدها آثاری در پی...