Chitosan–silver (CS–Ag) nanocomposite materials were synthesized by a simple chemical method. The synthesized CS–Ag nanocomposite contains 20 wt% silver. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction method as well. The CS–Ag nanocomposite was characterized using Field emission scanning electronic microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrosc...

Crystallographic studies of low symmetry organic molecular crystalline solids were performed by using XRD diffraction method. The well defined peaks appeared in the XRD profile of solids was indexed by using sin2 ratio method to understand the planes producing these peaks. The hkl values and d-spacing of the planes obtained from XRD file of diffractometer machine are feed into the software prog...

OBJECTIVE We compared laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with the traditionally used and recommended X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) for urinary stone analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS In total, 65 patients with urinary calculi were enrolled in this prospective study. Stones were obtained after surgical or extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy procedures. All stones were divided into t...

High energy 2D X-ray powder diffraction experiments are widely used for lattice strain measurement. The 2D to 1D conversion of diffraction patterns is a necessary step used to prepare the data for full pattern refinement, but is inefficient when only peak centre position information is required for lattice strain evaluation. The multi-step conversion process is likely to lead to increased error...

Geochemical analysis of the surface material of terrestrial type planets is of fundamental importance in understanding the geological context of the planetary environment. Consequently this analysis should be performed whenever possible and indeed this has occurred on a number of previous landers. Current techniques include X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Rutherford back-scattering of alpha partic...