Constraint handling is one of the most focused research field in both model validation and model transformation. Constraints are often simple topological conditions such as multiplicity checks, but the main strength of the constraint validation lies in the textual constraints defined in high-level languages. Object Constraint Language (OCL) is a wide-spread formalism to express model constraint...

OCL is widely used by UML and other languages to constrain metamodels and perform evaluations on models. Unfortunately no OCL 2.x specification has ever been aligned with any UML 2.x specification. This lack of alignment makes some OCL compliance points such as XMI interchange unachievable. This paper describes how introduction of an OCL Pivot Meta-Model and clear exposition of the Values packa...

The Object Constraint Language (OCL), which forms part of the UML 1.1. set of modelling notations is a precise, textual language for expressing constraints that cannot be shown in the standard diagrammatic notation used in UML. A semantics for OCL lays the foundation for building CASE tools that support integrity checking of whole UML models, not just the component expressed using OCL. This pap...

The semantics of OCL operation specifications is discussed from a model theoretic perspective. It is argued that the semantics of operation specifications as defined in the OCL 2.0 proposal is not compatible with the view of operation specifications as contracts between a client and a supplier. As a solution, a semantics of OCL operation specifications based on standard model theory is presente...

We report on the results of a long-term project to formalize the semantics of OCL 2.0 in Higher-order Logic (HOL). The ultimate goal of the project is to provide a formalized, machine-checked semantic basis for a theorem proving environment for OCL (as an example for an objectoriented specification formalism) which is as faithful as possible to the original informal semantics. We report on vari...

Object-Oriented Models (OOM) are widely used in ModelDriven Engineering (MDE). As a complement, OCL constraints are used to specify business rules and detailed aspects of the business domain. Automatically co-evolving OCL constraints w.r.t. the evolved OOM is challenging since alternative resolutions can be applied but also a resolution cannot be applied to any arbitrary constraint. In this pap...

In this paper we present the ITP/OCL tool, a rewritingbased tool that supports automatic validation of UML static class diagrams with respect to OCL invariants. From a conceptual point of view, the ITP/OCL tool is directly based on the equational specification of UML+OCL class diagrams developed in [11], according to which: i) class and object diagrams are specified as membership equational the...

In software modeling, the Object Constraint Language (OCL) is an important language to specify properties that a model has to satisfy. The design of OCL reflects the structure of MOF-based modeling languages like UML and its tight integration results in an intuitive usability. But OCL allows to express properties only in the context of a single instance model and not with respect to a sequence ...

Examples of OCL use often do not exceed a few lines. Larger examples are rare, because the concrete syntax of OCL is verbose and based exclusively on ASCII encoding. This makes it easy to edit OCL in any environment, but hard to layout in a readable manner. A minor issue like presentation affects use in a major way. This paper proposes three shorthand notations, or syntactic sugars, for laying ...

OCL (Object Constraint Language) is an expression language to specify constraints and to refine UML diagrams to make them understandable for a computer. It is an important language in Model-Driven Architecture (MDA). OWL (Web Ontology Language) is an ontology language for semantic Web. So what is the relationship between OCL and OWL? Can they complement each other for semantic integration? We e...