We propose two new affine projection algorithms (APA) with variable regularization parameter. The proposed algorithms dynamically update the regularization parameter that is fixed in the conventional regularized APA (R-APA) using a gradient descent based approach. By introducing the normalized gradient, the proposed algorithms give birth to an efficient and a robust update scheme for the regula...

To the Editor: Failure of mouth pressure variations (APm) to reflect alveolar pressure variations (APA) during thoracic gas volume (TGV) measurements by Boyle’s law has been reported in asthmatic patients by Shore and Martin (1) and quite recently by Stanescu et al. (2). In both studies the conclusions were reached by comparing TGV’s obtained by relating plethysmographic volume changes (AVbox) ...

background orientation of the stylohyoid complex (shc) may be important for evaluation of the patient with orofacial pain or dysphagia. objectives our purpose was to assess the length and angulations of shc using cone beam computed tomography (cbct). patients and methods in this study, 3d images provided by cbct of 69 patients (36 females, 33 males, age range 15-77 years) were retrospectively e...

Preface ........................................................................ Executive Summary and Recommendations Evaluation of Levels of Evidence .............................. Terminology .............................................................. Synopses of Literature Reviews and Opinions with Respect to Recommendations ................................. Why APA Recommendations Are N...

BACKGROUND Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a most common cause of secondary hypertension. In PA, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is more progressive than in any other cause of hypertension. Aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) are major subtypes of PA. However there is little information concerned with differences of cardiac structures between these two s...

Antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) are associated with thrombosis, thrombocytopenia and fetal loss but they occur in a variety of diseases. Despite many efforts, a correlation between the specificity of particular subgroups of APA and particular clinical situations remains to be established. The antigens at the origin of APA remain to be identified. We discuss here the possible links between cel...

Gene transcribing with alternative polyadenylation (APA) sites leads to mRNA isoforms, which may encode different proteins or harbor different 3'UTRs. APA plays an important role in regulating gene expression network among various physiological processes, such as development, immune responses and cancer. Several methods of library construction for APA study have been developed to apply high-thr...

Primary aldosteronism comprises 2 main subtypes: unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. Somatic KCNJ5 mutations are found in APA at a prevalence of around 40% that drive and sustain aldosterone excess. Somatic APA mutations have been described in other genes (CACNA1D, ATP1A1, and ATP2B3) albeit at a lower frequency. Our objective was to identify genoty...

Increasing amounts of genes have been shown to utilize alternative polyadenylation (APA) 3'-processing sites depending on the cell and tissue type and/or physiological and pathological conditions at the time of processing, and the construction of genome-wide database regarding APA is urgently needed for better understanding poly(A) site selection and APA-directed gene expression regulation for ...

OBJECTIVE To use a new immunologic assay to investigate antipolymer antibody (APA) levels in women with fibromyalgia (FM). METHODS The study population consisted of 35 patients with FM and 129 controls. The controls were selected based on a prior history of breast surgery and the presence or absence of a prior hospital diagnosis of soft tissue rheumatism. Study subjects underwent blood sampli...