The medical records of 437 patients with 929 facial fractures were retrospectively analyzed. Fracture patterns were classified based on the presence or absence of fractures in each of 4 anatomic subunits (frontal, upper midface, lower midface, and mandible). The most common etiology of trauma was assault (36%), followed by motor vehicle collision (MVC, 32%), fall (18%), sports (11%), occupation...

BACKGROUND Innervated free muscle transfer using the gracilis muscle or temporalis myoplasty has been successfully utilized for facial reanimation in chronic facial palsy. These techniques are less suited to immediate facial reconstruction in the setting of radical parotidectomy, in which the complexity of the defect, patient age, postoperative radiotherapy, and limited life expectancy pose par...

The zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) can account for up to 40% of midface fractures. They are the second most common facial fracture following nasal bone fractures [1]. These fractures commonly stem from assault, motor vehicle accidents, and athletics [1-3]. The ZMC is an important component of facial structure as it defines midface width and malar projection. The ZMC is often referred to as a...

The zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) can account for up to 40% of midface fractures. They are the second most common facial fracture following nasal bone fractures [1]. These fractures commonly stem from assault, motor vehicle accidents, and athletics [1-3]. The ZMC is an important component of facial structure as it defines midface width and malar projection. The ZMC is often referred to as a...

Reconstructive surgery of complex three-dimensional defects of the midface/maxilla following treatment of advanced squmous cell carcinoma of the maxilla is challenging. Primary or secondary reconstruction using autogenous bone grafts or alloplastic materials are standard procedures, however such procedures may be associated with complications. In particular secondary reconstructions often requi...

The zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) can account for up to 40% of midface fractures. They are the second most common facial fracture following nasal bone fractures [1]. These fractures commonly stem from assault, motor vehicle accidents, and athletics [1-3]. The ZMC is an important component of facial structure as it defines midface width and malar projection. The ZMC is often referred to as a...

Midface lifting is valuable rejuvenative options for many patients and can provide a more youthful and balanced face. This procedure is well suited for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon because of familiarity with the intraoral and temporal surgical approaches, and it does not require any specialized equipment. This procedure has minimal postoperative recovery and a low complication rate. The ...

BACKGROUND Soft-tissue augmentation with injectable fillers is commonly performed in the malar area. A four-point scale, the Medicis Midface Volume Scale, was developed and validated as an objective measure of the severity of midface volume loss. METHODS Using a separate photographic guide, four investigators rated photographs (front and right and left sides, to provide a full view of the fac...