Objectives To determine the relationship between brand-specific advertising and promotions in convenience stores for Marlboro and Camel cigarettes and choice of usual brand among school students. Design Cross-sectional survey with merged records of store tobacco advertising and promotions. Setting – United States. Participants – 3,890 high school smokers with a usual brand, matched to 196 conve...

BACKGROUND Human pancreatico-duodenal injuries caused by camels are extremely rare. OBJECTIVE We report three patients who sustained camel-related pancreatico-duodenal injuries and review the literature on this topic. RESULTS A 32-year camel caregiver was kicked by a camel which then stepped on his abdomen trying to kill him. The patient's abdomen was soft and lax. CT scan of the abdomen sh...

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from camel liver was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and a combination of DEAE-cellulose, Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration, and 2', 5' ADP Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography columns. The specific activity of camel liver G6PD is increased to 1.80438 units/mg proteins with 63-fold purification. It turned out to be homogenous on both nati...

In this paper we describe CAMEL, an interactive parallel environment based on the cellular automata theory. CAMEL is a tool designed to support the development of high performance applications in science and engineering. It offers the computing power of a highly parallel computer, hiding the architecture issues from a user. The system can be used both as a tool to model dynamic complex phenomen...

The objective of this study was to compare the nutritional values of camel semitendinosus muscles with those of calves. Then, sausages were made from camel meat, beef and equal proportions of each and stored at 4 degrees C for 45 days. The composition, physicochemical characteristics, sensory properties, and microstructure of the samples were evaluated. The proximate composition of meat from th...

The aim of this study was correlation determination between fat putrefaction indices and antioxidative enzymes in chicken, cattle and camel meat during refrigerated storage. Longissimus dorsi muscle of three Iranian dromedary one humped camel and three Holstein cattle and breast muscle of three broiler breeder chicken were obtained from the carcasses 3 days postmortem. The samples were ground a...

Despite the rapid expansion of the built environment, we know little about the biology of species living in human-constructed habitats. Camel crickets (Rhaphidophoridae) are commonly observed in North American houses and include a range of native taxa as well as the Asian Diestrammena asynamora (Adelung), a species occasionally reported from houses though considered to be established only in gr...

Thirty camel embryos and fetuses of both sexes, ranging from 0.8 cm to 12.0 cm CVRL, were used in this study. These specimens were collected from Zagazig and Cairo abattoirs. They were fixed and prepared by normal histological technique for light microscopical study. The present study revealed that, the camel palatogenesis was a complicated developmental process, that required two main events; ...

OBJECTIVE Cyclophosphamide (CYP), a cytotoxic anticancer drug, causes a substantial reduction in leukocytes numbers, called leukopenia. Leukopenia is a major predisposing factor to infections caused by opportunistic pathogens. The aim of the present study is to assess the effects of camel milk consumption against CYP-induced leukopenia and other toxic effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS CYP at a d...

BACKGROUND Food allergies in children are often very serious and can lead to anaphylactic reactions. Observations that camel milk ameliorates allergic reactions were noted over the years. The effect of camel milk is probably related to its special composition. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of camel milk in several children with severe food (mainly milk) allergies. METHODS We studied ...