The main strategy to prevent transfusion-associated Chagas disease is the identification of T. cruzi-infected blood donors by serological screening tests, however there is no perfect serological gold standard. We evaluated an enzyme immunoassay (EIA), an indirect hemaglutination (IHA), and an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test for detecting T. cruzi antibodies in Brazilian blood donors. Th...

human rotavirus is a major etiologic agent for infantile diarrhea worldwide. it is responsible for up to 3.3 million deaths per year in children in developing countries. various rapid and sensitive techniques have been developed to readily diagnose rotavirus gastroenteritis. in the present study, we compared the sensitivity and specificity of immunochromatography and rna-polyacrylamide-gel elec...

the quality of environmental impact assessment (eia) findings, as a decision support system, has always been a function of the extent of its boundaries. meanwhile, boundaries of a study area can be delineated physically or non-physically according to the eia working units or methodologies. six case studies have been conducted to consider the study areas of variety of eias namely, visual, cumula...

BACKGROUND We have previously shown antigenuria in patients with coccidioidomycosis through use of the Histoplasma antigen enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and now we have developed a specific Coccidioides antigen EIA. METHODS The Coccidioides EIA uses antibodies to Coccidioides galactomannan. The sensitivity of the Coccidioides and Histoplasma EIAs was evaluated in patients with more-severe coccidi...

A commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (E. coli O157 Visual Immunoassay; Tecra Diagnostics) performed on enrichment cultures in modified Escherichia coli broth (mECn) was compared with immunomagnetic separation (IMS) (Dynabeads anti-E. coli O157; Dynal) performed on enrichment cultures in modified buffered peptone water (BPW-VCC) for the detection of E. coli O157 in bovine fecal samples. Tests o...

BACKGROUND The second-generation hepatitis C virus (HCV) enzyme immunoassay (EIA 2), an antibody-detection test, has high sensitivity and is one of the recommended screening tests for detecting HCV infection in the United States. However, its sensitivity among oncology patients is unknown. OBJECTIVE Assess the EIA 2 sensitivity among a group of oncology patients at a Nebraska clinic where an ...

BACKGROUND Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis caused by Babesia microti has emerged as a significant risk to the US blood supply. This study estimated the prevalence of B. microti antibodies in blood donors using an investigational enzyme immunoassay (EIA). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A peptide-based EIA that detects both immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM antibodies to B. microti was developed and va...

Recent evidence from our laboratory suggests that the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK-801 (dizocilpine) selectively antagonizes non-opioid (i.e. naloxone-insensitive) mechanisms of stress-induced analgesia in mice. For example, we have recently demonstrated that a low dose of MK-801 (0.075 mg/kg, i.p.) antagonizes the non-opioid component of a mixed opioid/non-opioid swim str...

The role of lung mast cells in exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is controversial. To investigate whether the skin mast cell releasability is increased after exercise in EIA, 49 young atopic men with or without asthma took part in a free-running test for 6 min and were given skin prick tests using morphine, a mast cell secretagogue, before and after the exercise. The mean diameters of the wheal ind...