bacteriorhodopsin operates as a light/proton transfer pump which converts the light energy into a proton gradient. energy stored in the proton gradient can be used in a variety of ways. bacteriorhodopsin producing sources are some halobacterium species such as halobacterium sodomense and halobacterium salinarum which continue to grow in harsh and salt-saturated conditions. two types of red pigm...

BACKGROUND There is a need for an easily administered instrument which can be applied to all patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS) to measure disease severity for clinical assessment, research, or therapeutic trials. The pathophysiology of RLS is not clear and no objective measure so far devised can apply to all patients or accurately reflect severity. Moreover, RLS is primarily a subjecti...

BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common disorder in hemodialysis patients that leads to insomnia and impaired quality of life. Because high oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of RLS, we sought to evaluate the efficacy of vitamins C and E and their combination in reducing the severity of RLS symptoms in hemodialysis patients in this randomized, double-blind, pla...

In this paper we address the numerical solution of minimal norm residuals of nonlinear equations in finite dimensions. We take particularly inspiration from the problem of finding a sparse vector solution of phase retrieval problems by using greedy algorithms based on iterative residual minimizations in the `p-norm, for 1 ≤ p ≤ 2. Due to the mild smoothness of the problem, especially for p→ 1, ...

We applied an Iteratively Reweighted Least Squares (IRLS) approach to create a map of the Sea of Galilee. We use a bank of Prediction Error Filters (PEFs) as a residual whitener to reduce the acquisition footprint and map artifacts caused by non-Gaussian noise in the data.

IMPORTANCE Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder characterized by unpleasant sensations in the legs and a distressing, irresistible urge to move them. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate efficacy, safety, and comparative effectiveness of pharmacologic treatments for primary RLS. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), published in Engli...

BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common and highly burdensome sleep disorder. While relaxation therapies, including yoga, are often recommended for RLS management, rigorous supporting research is sparse. The goal of this preliminary study was to assess the effects of yoga on RLS symptoms and related outcomes in women with RLS. METHODS Participants were 13 nonsmoking women with mod...

Based on minimizing a piecewise differentiable lp function subject to a single inequality constraint, this paper discusses algorithms for a discretized regularization problem for ill-posed inverse problems. We examine computational challenges of solving this regularization problem. Possible minimization algorithms such as the steepest descent method, iteratively weighted least squares (IRLS) me...

The R function glm uses step-halving to deal with certain types of convergence problems when using iteratively reweighted least squares to fit a generalized linear model. This works well in some circumstances but non-convergence remains a possibility, particularly with a nonstandard link function. In some cases this is because step-halving is never invoked, despite a lack of convergence. In oth...