The surface of the ocean bulges outward and inward reflecting the topography of the ocean floor. A dense mapping of ocean surface topography from declassified Geosat altimeter data (US Navy), ERS-1 altimeter data (European Space Agency), and repeat-track coverage from the Topex/Poseidon altimeter (NASA and CNES) has provided the first view of the ocean floor structures in many remote areas of t...

Operational wave data assimilation at ECMWF started with ERS-1 radar altimeter wave heights on 15 August 1993. This had a significant impact on the wave model analysis and forecast. The impact of wave data assimilation based on the ECMWF experience is presented. This includes the impact of assimilation of ERS radar altimeter and synthetic aperture radar and ENVISAT radar altimeter-2 wave data. ...

We analyze satellite altimeter observed Caspian Sea level (CSL) changes over the period January 1993 to December 2021 using lake series from Hydroweb project and global sea anomalies (SLA) grids provided by Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS). The two altimeter-based CSL agree well at interannual longer time scales, but show significantly large discrepancies seasonal shorte...

Originally designed for applications over the ocean, satellite altimetry has been proven to be a useful tool for hydrologic studies. Altimeter products, mainly conceived for oceanographic studies, often fail to provide atmospheric corrections suitable for inland water studies. The focus of this paper is the analysis of the main issues related with the atmospheric corrections that need to be app...

Sea surface height anomaly maps of realistic eddy activity were obtained by applying space-time optimum interpolation to altimeter data. Analysis error and rate of reconstructing eddy signals were investigated by taking account of: 1) dependency on orbit configurations of single and multiple altimeters; 2) dependency on space-time scales of realistic, dominant eddies; and 3) effect of space-tim...

The surface of the ocean bulges outward and inward reflecting the topography of the ocean floor. A dense mapping of ocean surface topography from declassified Geosat altimeter data (US Navy), ERS-1 altimeter data (European Space Agency), and repeat-track coverage from the Topex/Poseidon altimeter (NASA and CNES) has provided the first view of the ocean floor structures in many remote areas of t...

The ability of altimetry to detect extreme low pressure events and the relationship between sea level pressure and sea level anomalies during extra-tropical depressions have been investigated. Specific altimeter treatments have been developed for tropical cyclones and applied to obtain a relevant along-track sea surface height (SSH) signal: the case of tropical cyclone Isabel is presented here....