Background and purpose: Nowadays over 153 million women use ÏÜD worldwide as contraception. Long-term durability, high efficacy, and cost effectiveness are advantages of this method. This study compares the side effects and continuation rate of TÇu380Â and ÇuSafe (300, +300) ÏÜDs during a 6-month period in Taamine Ëjtemaee clinics, Hamadan, Ïran. Materials and methods: This was a descripti...

Background and purpose: Âccurate estimation of fetal weight is of paramount importance in the management of labor and delivery and may be related to critical points of decision making and proper management. This study was done in order to compare the accuracy of clinical and ultrasonic estimation of fetal weight in Ïmam Khomeini hospital of Sari, Ïran. Materials and methods: During this st...

Background and purpose: Çhitin, a natural polysaccharide, which is widely existed in the Ârthropod shell such as crab, clobster, shrimp and fungi. Çhitin and its derivative chitosan, a mucopolysaccharide like glycoaminoglycan have been reported to be useful for biomedical applications like wound healing and dressings, drug delivery agents, anti- cholesterolemic agents, blood anticoagulants, a...

Âspergilloma can be defined as a conglomeration of intertwined aspergillos hyphea matted together with fibrin, mucus and cellular debris within pulmonary cavity or ecstatic bronchus (usually cavitary tuberculosis). Âlthough most patients are asymptomatic, hemoptysis is a common symptom of pulmonary aspergilloma and results in fetal asphyxiation. Most often there is one or two aspergilloma in ...

Background and purpose: Ïnadequate and improper prenatal care may result in adverse consequences, including preterm labor. Various indexes are implemented to evaluate the adequacy of prenatal care one of the new accurate and comprehensive indicator measurements is adequacy of prenatal care utilization index. This study aimed to assess the adequacy of care and its relationship with preterm labor...

Background and purpose: Gynecomastia -benign proliferation of male breast glandular tissue- occurs due to increased ratio of estrogen to androgen activity. Çonsidering the lack of studies on the effects of Tamoxifen on gynecomastia in Ïran, and also scarcity of such studies in other countries, this study was conducted to determine the effect of Tamoxifen in the treatment of gynecomastia. Mat...

Background and purpose: Çardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of death in Ïran as well as in the world. SDF-1a, as an effective chemokine for decreasing inflammation and injury, plays a role in angiogenesis. This study compares and evaluates serum level of this chemokine in healthy people and those with ÂMÏ (Âcute Myocardial Ïnfarction) regarding age and gender. Materials and me...

Background and purpose: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common and costly work-related conditions and nursing profession has one of the highest rates of back injuries (more than 50%) among all occupations. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for back injuries in nursing personnel. Materials and methods : Following ethical approval, 1226...

Background and purpose: Ëpilepsy is a chronic nervous disease, inflicting about 1٪ of the world population. Toxic effects of antiepileptic drugs are significant and controversial issues. Since these drugs are used by millions of people, the least abnormalities could be presented as a hazardous defect. Âim of this study was to investigate the toxic effects of phenytoin and Phenobarbital. Âmong...

Background and Purpose : The prevalence of Hepatitis B in ÜSÂ was reported 0.5- 0.1 % while in Ïran is 1.6- 6.5 %. Ït was reported that the titer of antibody three days after vaccination was 79-90 %. The titer of antibody decreases with the pass of time, and age has a significant role in the respones to vaccination. This study was performed in order to evaluate the HBS titer after vaccination...