OBJECTIVES To study changes in pain of the back and neck in adolescents between 1985 and 2001 and pain of the neck, shoulder, and lower back between 1991 and 2001. DESIGN Biennial nationwide postal surveys, 1985-2001, and annual classroom surveys, 1996-2001. SETTING Finland. PARTICIPANTS 62 677 12, 14, 16, and 18 year olds and 127 217 14-16 year olds. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pain in the b...

Let X be a definable C manifold, Y1, Y2 definably compact definable C r submanifolds of X such that dimY1 + dimY2 < dimX and Y1 has a trivial normal bundle. We prove that there exists a definable isotopy {hp}p∈J such that h0 = idX and h1(Y1) ∩ Y2 = ∅. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 14P10, 14P20, 58A05, 03C64.

Project-based learning is an essential part of a software engineer's education. The learning achieved through projects can be improved through structured interaction between more experienced students and those students encountering their rst software engineering project. In this paper, we report on our experience over three years with trials of several forms of interaction between undergraduate...

Future system development and management efforts must strive to institutionalize these gains and provide ongoing, incremental improvement in these areas. With the growth of e-commerce and further socioeconomic reliance on IT, the organizations that have achieved these gains will be well positioned to outdistance those who were less aggressive. Figure 1 depicts the silver linings and competitive...