Citation: Zhang B-Q, Luan Y, Duan C-Q and Yan G-L (2018) Use of Torulaspora delbrueckii Co-fermentation With Two Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains With Different Aromatic Characteristic to Improve the Diversity of Red Wine Aroma Profile. Front. Microbiol. 9:606. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00606 Use of Torulaspora delbrueckii Co-fermentation With Two Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains With Different A...

A series of blue supramolecular polymers with different counterions based on host-guest interactions were developed for polymer light-emitting diodes. It was found that the counterions play important roles in the resulting materials' supramolecular interactions as well as the device performance.

Simplified mean field theory for the phase behaviour of polyelectrolytes in solution is described in detail. It can be viewed as the polyelectrolyte analogue of Flory-Huggins theory. A basic nlodel is analyzed, then extended to look at the effects of multivalent ions (specifically divalent coions), of distinguishable counterions, and of an ionization equilibriunl between counterions and polyele...

M06-2X functional was employed to study halogen-π interactions in X-C2-Y…C8H8 complexes (X, Y=H, F, Cl, and Br). In fact, interactions of mono- or di-halogenated acetylenes and planar cyclooctatetraene as an anti-aromatic π system were considered. Relationship between binding energies of the complexes and charge transfer effects was investigated. Also, electronic charge density values were calc...

Bio-based furanics can be aromatized efficiently by sequential Diels-Alder (DA) addition and hydrogenation steps followed by tandem catalytic aromatization. With a combination of zeolite H-Y and Pd/C, the hydrogenated DA adduct of 2-methylfuran and maleic anhydride can thus be aromatized in the liquid phase and, to a certain extent, decarboxylated to give high yields of the aromatic products 3-...

The cloud point of the surfactant tetrabutylammonium dodecyl sulfate is shown to be a function of the tetrabutylammonium counterion concentration in the aqueous phase whether the counterions are provided by the surfactant or both the surfactant and added tetrabutylammonium bromide. The micellized surfactant dissociates 17% of its counterions to aqueous phase.

Rare-earth silylamide complexes, Ln[N(SiMe3)2]3 (Ln = Y, La, Sm, Yb), effectively catalyzed the coupling reaction of isocyanides with both aliphatic and aromatic terminal alkynes under mild conditions.

Counterions at charged rodlike polymers exhibit a condensation transition at a critical temperature (or, equivalently, at a critical linear charge density for polymers), which dramatically influences various static and dynamic properties of charged polymer solutions. We address the critical and universal aspects of this transition for counterions at a single charged cylinder in two and three sp...

– We consider counterions in the presence of a single planar surface with a spatially inhomogeneous charge distribution using Monte-Carlo simulations and strong-coupling theory. For high surface charges, multivalent counterions, or pronounced substrate charge modulation the counterions are laterally correlated with the surface charges and their density profile deviates strongly from the limit o...

Highly hydrophilic counterions such as sodium or chloride are not good choices to achieve efficient hydrotropy.