In the present paper, we aim to investigate the dependence of surface tension on the surface properties and reveal the counter-ion effects on the adsorption of ionic surfactants on the solution surface. The surface tension, surface excess and surface concentration (defined as the amount of surfactant adsorbed in the surface phase divided by the surface area) of two anionic surfactants, namely d...

Membrane transporters that clear the neurotransmitter glutamate from synapses are driven by symport of sodium ions and counter-transport of a potassium ion. Previous crystal structures of a homologous archaeal sodium and aspartate symporter showed that a dedicated transport domain carries the substrate and ions across the membrane. Here, we report new crystal structures of this homologue in lig...

Co2+ ions encapsulated in nitrogen doped graphene were applied as an oxygen evolution catalyst. Their redox potentials were tuned using different counter anions as liable ligands, and the redox potential related catalytic rates were explored. It was proposed that the electron density of Co2+ ions was a general descriptor for activity.

Polyisobutylenes (PIBs) with different end-groups including chlorine, exo-olefin, hydroxyl and methyl initiated from aliphatic and aromatic initiator were studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Independently of the end-groups, presence or absence of aromatic initiator moiety, these PIB derivatives were capable of forming adduct ions with NO3 and Cl ions, and thus allowin...

From our theoretical treatment which is an extension of the classical Donnan theory, we have estimated the rational selectivity coefficients of the carboxylic groups of the walls during exchanges of divalent ions against monovalent ones (i.e. calcium and potassium or calcium and sodium ions). These coefficients express the interactions between the different ions, those between the counter-ions ...

The La1 - x Ca x VO4 and La1 - x - y Eu y Ca x VO4 (0 ≤ x, y ≤ 0.2) micro/nanosized powders were prepared by aqueous nitrate-citrate sol-gel synthesis. Phase composition of the sample depends on the x and y values. The La0.9Ca0.1VO4 is crystallized in monoclinic structure up to the x = 0.1. The La0.9Eu0.05Ca0.05VO4 sample was also attributed to the monoclinic structure. Increasing concentration...

In order to determine how functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) interact in a near-physiological environment, we performed all-atom molecular dynamics simulations on the icosahedral Au144 nanoparticles each coated with a homogeneous set of 60 thiolates selected from one of these five (5) types: 11-mercapto-1-undecanesulfonate -SC11H22(SO3(-)), 5-mercapto-1-pentanesulfonate -SC5H10(SO3(-)), ...

‘ST Scientific results are summarized from a three year research program on multiphoton ionization in aromatic molecules, clusters, and their ions. As originally proposed, the studies elucida+ a new cluster ionization mechanism, characterized properties of long range intermolecular interactions. and investigated electronic transitions of aromatic cations cooled in a supersonic beam. The studies...