Data from X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) were subjected to a partial least-squares regression analysis (PLS) to build a calibration model for predicting the polymorphic content of carbamazepine (CBZ). The effectiveness of the PLS method in the construction of calibration models was analyzed by a scientific approach based on a regulation vector. CBZ forms I and III were characterized by differen...

Chemical reduction technique was used to synthesize nickel powder using hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent, nickel chloride hexahydrate as precursor and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as capping agent in ethylene glycol medium. Experiments were carried out with mole ratios 13:1 and 20:1 of hydrazine to nickel chloride hexahydrate by keeping the amounts of ethylene glycol and NaOH as constant. Vari...

Synchrotrons can be used to generate X-rays in order to probe materials at the atomic level. One approach is to use X-ray diffraction (XRD) to do this. The data from an XRD experiment consists of a sequence of digital image files which for a single scan could consist of hundreds or even thousands of digital images. Existing analysis software processes these images individually sequentially and ...

Indium tin oxide (ITO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) anti-reflective coatings (ARCs) were deposited on a (100) P-type monocrystalline Si substrate by a radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. Polycrystalline ITO and anatase TiO2 films were obtained at room temperature (RT). The thickness of ITO (60 to 64 nm) and TiO2 (55 to 60 nm) films was optimized, considering the optical response in the 40...

A new approach is described for the recovery of precious metals (PMs: Au, Pd and Ag) with >99% efficiency from aqueous solution utilising biogas produced during the aerobic growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Gold was recovered from electronic scrap leachate ( approximately 95%) by this method, with some selectivity against Cu. The recovered PM solids all contained metal and sulphur as determined ...

Oil palm ash (OPA), a bio-agricultural waste from oil palm mills, was subjected to high-energy ball milling for 30 h and was converted into a nano-structured material. The nano-structured OPA was characterized for its particle size and crystallinity index by using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The crystallite size obtained from TEM and XRD was foun...

Zuotai (gTso thal) is one of the famous drugs containing mercury in Tibetan medicine. However, little is known about the chemical substance basis of its pharmacodynamics and the intrinsic link of different samples sources so far. Given this, energy dispersive spectrometry of X-ray (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) were u...