levels, in response to precipitation of monosodium urate monohydrate crystals in various tissues, followed by an inflammatory response. The essence of the prevention and treatment of gout is antihyperuricemic therapy, either by uricosuric drugs or by xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitors. Allopurinol, an XOD inhibitor which is structurally related to xanthine, binds tightly to the active site of XO...

We have recently reported that xanthine oxidase is involved in the generation of free radicals in exhaustive exercise. Allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, prevents it. The aim of the present work was to elucidate the role of exercise-derived reactive oxygen species in the cell signalling pathways involved in the adaptation to exercise in man. We have found that exercise causes an inc...

Under normal conditions, antioxidants at the corneal surface are balanced with the production of reactive oxygen species without any toxic effects. Danger from oxidative stress appears when natural antioxidants are overwhelmed leading to antioxidant/prooxidant imbalance. The aim of the present study was to examine the activities of enzymes contributing to the antioxidant/prooxidant balance in n...

Background Any factor like diabetes that changes the oxidant/antioxidant balance in favor of oxidants could possibly disrupt the physiologic function of ovaries. So, we have investigated the effect of vitamin E and Se supplements on antioxidant defense in ovaries of diabetic rats with focus on Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase (XDH/XO) and Aldehyde oxidase (AO) activities. MaterialsAndMethods This...

AIM To evaluate the effect of esculin, a plant coumarin glucoside, on free radicals and against epirubicin-induced toxicity on bone marrow cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antioxidant activity was assessed by a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence method or NBT test in a xanthine-xanthine oxidase system, and two iron-dependent lipid peroxidation systems. In vivo experiments were carried out in epi...

BACKGROUND Increased inactivation of nitric oxide by superoxide (O2*-) contributes to endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary disease (CAD). We therefore characterized the vascular activities of xanthine oxidase and NAD(P)H oxidase, 2 major O2*--producing enzyme systems, and their relationship with flow-dependent, endothelium-mediated vasodilation (FDD) in patients with CAD. METHODS...

The MeOH extract of the aerial parts of Artemisia asiatica significantly inhibited the xanthine oxidase (XO) induced uric acid production. Flavonoids were isolated from the active extract and identified as eupatilin (1), hispidulin (2), jaceosidin (3), cirsilineol (4), 5,7,4’,5’-tetrahydroxy-6,3’-dimethoxyflavone (5), 6methoxytricin (6) and chrysosplenetin (7). With the exception of cirsilineol...

Oxidative stress mediates cell injury during ischaemia/reperfusion. On the other hand, experimental findings suggest that ROS (reactive oxygen species) induce processes leading to ischaemic preconditioning. The extent and source of oxidative stress and its effect on antioxidant status in the human liver during intermittent ischaemia and reperfusion remains ill-defined. Therefore the aim of the ...

the purpose of the given work was to study the dairy efficiency of the delivered, local and crossbreed goats in three different generations (f1, f2 and f3), derived from their crosses, as well as the biochemical composition of milk and some bloodplasma hormones, participating in the process of lactopoez. for the biochemical tests of milk we have selected casein and serumproteins, iron in lactof...

Echinops spinosus, belonging to Asteraceae family, is used in folk medicine as an abortifacient and diuretic for blood circulation, diabetes, stomach pain, indigestion spasmolytic problems. The objective of this work the study acute toxicity, content phenolic compounds (polyphenols, flavonoids tannins), antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, H2O2 xanthine oxidase) antidiabetic (?-amylase, ?- g...