Sen's entitlements approach has attracted much attention and imitation, including attempted extensions beyond its original context in the explanation of famines. It has evolved in various ways as it is applied to new regions, purposes, and subjects -beyond South Asia, to policy design, and to matters of routine hunger, environment, gender and overall intra-societal distribution. For analysis of...

the 1288 ah famine in khorasan has been the subject of numerous studies having examined the event with special focus on its causes and short-term effects as well as the reaction of the people and the state to it. this approach has led to general statements and unjustified generalization of the results of such research to the whole iran. the present article is a case study of the 1288 ah famine ...

BACKGROUND Data from animal models suggest that caloric restriction may reduce the risk of breast cancer, although not all dietary regimens produce similar effects. We examined whether caloric restriction imposed as a consequence of the 1944-1945 Dutch famine reduced the risk of breast cancer in women participating in a Dutch breast cancer screening program. METHODS Between 1983 and 1986, app...

Population study of hard times during 1958 and 1961 after Great Leap Forward is of great importance for China’s contemporary population study. As for the exact number of abnormal deaths,there is no official report by Chinese government. Moreover, because of social disruption at that time, there is something wrong with the registration and preservation of demographic data. As a result, by now, t...

Food security and economic growth interact in a mutually reinforcing process over the course of development. It is only in modern times that entire societies have achieved food security. Earlier, only privileged members of society were able to escape from chronic hunger and the constant threat of famine (Fogel 1991). Many countries in the developing world, especially in Africa and South Asia, h...

Large Demographic Shocks and Small Changes in the Marriage Market This paper provides non-parametric estimates of the total effects of famine in China on marital behavior of famine affected cohorts in rural areas of Sichuan and Anhui. The reduced form estimates incorporate general equilibrium and heterogeneous treatment effects, two important components of equilibrium marital behavior. Next the...

Consistent evidence from both experimental and human studies suggest that inadequate nutrition in early life can contribute to risk of developing metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adult life. In human populations, most findings supporting a causative relationship between early-life malnutrition and subsequent risk of T2D were obtained from quasi-experimental studies ('natur...

This paper defends the Famine Relief Argument against Having Children, which goes as follows: conceiving and raising a child costs hundreds of thousands of dollars; that money would be far better spent on famine relief; therefore, conceiving and raising children is immoral. It is named after Peter Singer’s Famine Relief Argument because it might be a special case of Singer’s argument and becaus...

OBJECTIVE To examine whether exposure to the Chinese famine during fetal life and early childhood is associated with the risks of metabolic syndrome and whether this association is modified by later life environment. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used data of 7,874 adults born between 1954 and 1964 from the 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. Famine exposure groups were defined ...