فرض کنیم g یک گروه باشد. خودریختی a ‎ را یک خودریختی جابجا شونده گویند در صورتی که به ازای هر ‍‎x از g‎داشته باشیم ‎x a(x)=a(x) x‎. مجموعه ی خودریختی های جابجا شونده گروه ‎ ‎g‎ ‎ را با علامت ‎a(g)‎ نشان می دهیم‎a(g) .‎ در برخی از گروهها تشکیل زیرگروه نمی دهد اما دارای خواص جالبی می باشد. در‎‎ این رساله ابتدا به بررسی خواص ‎a(‎g)‎ ‎ می پردازیم و سپس ثابت می کنیم ‎a(‎g)‎ ‎‎‎ برای‎ ‎ac‎ ‎-گروه‎‎ ه...

according to coates’s (2004, as cited in zhang, 2010) definition of "conversational dominance" (p.111), it refers to the phenomenon of a speaker dominating others in interaction. specifically, it means how a speaker makes use of certain strategies to get the floor and maintain the floor. thus, the amount of talk is the main measurement for the dominance of the conversation. whether a speaker do...

any change in the refractive index of a laser active medium can lead to serious degradation of beam quality, laser beam modes, laser performance and variation in the intensity distribution. alteration in the refractive index of laser active medium is especially notable in high power lasers. it is clear that in the laser beam production, the pumping agent induces a great amount of heat which...

nowadays enhancing critical thinking in learners is considered one of the foreign language teachers’ tasks due to its high position in foreign language classrooms. when it comes to selecting materials for language classrooms, there are obviously some criteria that teachers should apply. the present study aimed at a critical thinking based analysis of ten picture story books and ten folktales th...

burnout is a response to the chronic work stress which is prevalent mostly among the people who do people job, like teaching. the purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable instrument that can measure burnout in foreign language teachers. although some widely used instruments were developed before which measured burnout in teachers, a specific instrument which include specific sy...

the primary goal of the current project was to examine the effect of three different treatments, namely, models with explicit instruction, models with implicit instruction, and models alone on differences between the three groups of subjects in the use of the elements of argument structures in terms of toulmins (2003) model (i.e., claim, data, counterargument claim, counterargument data, rebutt...

the purpose of this study is to investigate and explore the causes of identity crisis as one of the debilitating consequences of colonial project after the withdrawal of colonial power. in order to do justice to the full-length severity of displacement that was the fruit of indentureship, v. s. naipauls west indian epic, a house for mr biswas, has been scrutinized with the main focus being the ...