In tsetse both sexes feed exclusively on the blood of vertebrates for a few minutes every 2-3 days. Tsetse flies seek cover from high temperatures to conserve energy and plants provide shelter for tsetse in all the biotopes they occupy. Recently, tsetse have taken cover in plantations and under the invasive bush Lantana camara that has invaded large areas of the tsetse fly belt of Africa. Flies...

RECENT economic developments have aroused substantial interest in the treatment in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) of the cost of shelter for homeowners.' From December 1977, when the latest version of the CPI was introduced, until December 1980, the all-items CPI increased at an average annual rate of 11.6%, while the homeownership component increased at an average annual rate of 16.2%. Relativ...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether climate variability influences the number of hospitalizations for respiratory diseases in infants, children, and adults in the city of Campo Grande, Brazil. METHODS We used daily data on admissions for respiratory diseases, precipitation, air temperature, humidity, and wind speed for the 2004-2008 period. We calculated the thermal comfort index, effective temper...

Earth-Shelter construction is one of the aspects in architecture where the thermal mass of the earth behind the outer walls are applied in order to reduce heat loss and keep the internal temperature at human comfort range. In case of earth-shelter buildings, housing is especially important. As for its applicability the earth-shelter provides good housing. Typological studies of earth-shelter co...

urbanization expanse and population growth, as well as pilgrim's possibility of some cities provide overuse of vehicles and consequently increased air pollution. thus by considering the importance of the impact of air pollution on human health, in this study, air pollution in terms of pm10 using psi standard index and inverse distance weighting is zoned in mashhad. on the other hand, meteo...

Introduction 1 Adequacy and the Anti-Poverty Objective of Child Benefits 3 Poverty and the role of child benefits 3 Which costs are included within an adequate child benefit? 7 Vertical and horizontal equity 8 Defining a just-above-poverty-level standard of living 9 Methodologies for Measuring Adequacy 20 Expenditure-based strategies 20 Alternative survey-based methodologies 29 Deprivation inde...

The dissipative processes in the Earth’s magnetosphere, such as the ring current and the auroral electrojets, depend on both the external solar wind forcing and factors internal to the magnetosphere. Previous studies have shown that artificial neural networks are able to compute the ring current index Dst very accurately from only solar wind data. In this study, we use neural networks to model ...

Arctic and high altitude ice coring operations require lightweight and efficient equipment. Power sources. fuel and shelter in some cases compose up to 50'J6 of the cargo delivered to a drill ing ite. Solar panel , twotroke gasoline and air-cooled portable diesel generato rs have been u ed in Arctic a.nd high a lt itude glacier to power the drilling etup. On the ummit of Mt. Ki limanjaro (589S ...