Several offshore wind farms are planned in a number of locations in Northern Europe. The introduction of offshore wind power brings the wind power into a new era, characterized by larger size of the farms, 200 – 1000 MW are planned, and increasing distances from the grid. Cable transmission is the only solution for the transmission from the farm to the shore. Often land cables are also required...

It is well recognized that a wind turbine has a large radar cross-section (RCS) and, due to the movement of the blades, the wind turbine will generate a Doppler frequency shift. This scattering behavior may cause severe interferences on existing radar systems including static ground-based radars and spaceborne or airborne radars. To resolve this problem, efficient techniques or algorithms shoul...

BACKGROUND Many policymakers, researchers and commentators argue that hospital closures are necessary as health systems adapt to new technological and financial contexts, and as population health needs in developed countries shift. However closures are often unpopular with local communities. Previous research has characterised public opposition as an obstacle to change. Public opposition to the...

This paper analyses the effect of replacing existing synchronous generators equipped with power system stabilizers (PSS) by DFIG based wind farms on the damping of power system oscillations in a multi-machine power system. A power system stabiliser was designed to enhance the capability of DFIG to damp power systems oscillations. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed controller are dem...

Complex turbine wake interactions play an important role in overall energy extraction in large wind farms. Current control strategies optimize individual turbine power, and lead to significant energy losses in wind farms compared with lone-standing wind turbines. In recent work, an optimal coordinated control framework was introduced (Goit & Meyers 2015 J. Fluid Mech.768, 5-50 (doi:10.1017/jfm....

This paper discusses the connection policies adopted to facilitate the large number of wind farms seeking access to the Irish power system. A key feature is a grouped connection offer process that provides certainty for wind project developers and optimises the development of the network. A further interesting feature is the development of a “wind cluster” concept which permits semi-dedicated M...

The paper presents a concept of utilizing wind farms in a process of voltage control in 110 kV distribution grids. It has been shown that when properly controlled, a wind farm can assist in decreasing voltage variations in a HV grid caused by daily load variations.It has been also shown that stabilization of HV grid voltage caused by the influence of a wind farm is reflected with decreased freq...

In 2009, the implementation of feed-in tariff (FIT) and attractive public subsidies for onshore wind farms aroused great investment enthusiasm and spurred remarkable development of wind power in China. Meanwhile, rapid learning-by-doing has significantly cut down the cost of wind turbines and the capital cost of wind farms as well. Therefore, it is the right time to examine the appropriateness ...

Short-term wind power forecasting is recognized nowadays as a major requirement for a secure and economic integration of wind power in a power system. In the case of large-scale integration, end users such as transmission system operators focus on the prediction of regional or even national wind power up to 48 hours ahead. At a European level such predictions will be required in the future for ...

As a long term bidding behavior, bid shading is exhibited by wind farms participating in real Uniform Price (UP) markets. This signifies that the wind farm owners bid far below their true long run marginal cost. In this paper, a method is proposed to consider the uncertainty of bidding admission in the long term expected revenue of wind farms. We show that this consideration could perfectly exp...