BACKGROUND Annoyance reactions to environmental noise, such as wind turbine sound, have public health implications given associations between annoyance and symptoms related to psychological distress. In the case of wind farms, factors contributing to noise annoyance have been theorised to include wind turbine sound characteristics, the noise sensitivity of residents, and contextual aspects, suc...

Applying 4-levels grid nested WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model to predict meteorological elements of wind farm field, and employing WRF model outputs and SCADA data of wind turbines to construct wind power forecast models by using the APLSR (Adapting Partial Least Square Regression) method, this paper has conducted wind power forecast in 24 hours ahead, at Wenling wind farm which lo...

In this paper we present a novel evolutionary algorithm for optimal positioning of wind turbines in wind farms. We consider a realistic model for the wind farm, which includes orography, shape of the wind farm, simulation of the wind speed and direction, and costs of installation, connection and road construction among wind turbines. Several experiments show that the proposed evolutionary appro...

Wind farms produce electricity and provide a source of renewable energy. The growth in wind farm installations in the past 10 years has led to an increase in the number of wind turbines reaching the end of their manufacturing warranties. As a consequence, the wind industry is now facing a rising cost of unscheduled maintenance, which is pushing up the operation and maintenance expenditures. Win...

This paper uses the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis to decompose satellite-derived nighttime land surface temperature (LST) for the period of 2003–11 into spatial patterns of different scales and thus to identify whether (i) there is a pattern of LST change associated with the development of wind farms and (ii) the warming effect over wind farms reported previously is an artifact o...

Abstract: In modern wind farms, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is widely implemented. Using the MPPT method, each individual wind turbine is controlled by its pitch angle and tip speed ratio to generate the maximum active power. In a wind farm, the upstream wind turbine may cause power loss to its downstream wind turbines due to the wake effect. According to the wake model, downstream powe...

Offshore wind farms with high installed capacities and located further from the shore are starting to be built by northern European countries. Furthermore, it is expected that by 2020, several dozens of large offshore wind farms will be built in the Baltic, Irish and North seas. These wind farms will be constituted of a considerable number of turbines packed together. Due to shadowing effects b...

Large wind farms require modeling and simulation in their planning and construction process to provide a basis for grid planning. As a large wind farm is comprised of hundreds or even thousands of wind generators, the detailed-model building of wind farms is difficult, which are associated with slow simulation speeds and heavy workloads. In this paper, an improved K-means algorithm-based aggreg...

This paper presents the particle swarm optimization (PSO) for reactive power and voltage control (Volt/Var Control) in distribution system considering DFIG wind farm. In this paper, the reactive power output of DFIG wind farm has been considered as the control variables in the Volt/Var Control scheme by considering the reactive power compensation capability of DFIG. The minimization of total sy...

EeFarm-II is used to evaluate 13 different electrical systems for a 200 MW wind farm with a 100 km connection to shore. The evaluation is based on component manufacturer data of 2009. AC systems are compared to systems with DC connections inside the wind farm and DC connection to shore. Two options have the best performance for this wind farm size and distance: the AC system and the system with...