This paper describes and evaluates a new noise-aware dominance operator for evolutionary algorithms to solve the multiobjective optimization problems (MOPs) that contain noise in their objective functions. This operator is designed with the Mann-Whitney U -test, which is a non-parametric (i.e., distribution-free) statistical significance test. It takes objective value samples of given two indiv...

PURPOSE To evaluate morphologic changes in meibomian glands (MGs) and the status of periglandular inflammation in patients with primary and secondary Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) using in vivo confocal laser microscopy (LSCM). METHODS Twenty patients with primary SS (SSI), 25 with secondary SS (SSII), 20 with MG dysfunction (MGD), and 25 age- and gender-matched control subjects were enrolled conse...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with vulvar cancer and healthy female controls with respect to correlation of VEGF with clinicopathological parameters and impact on the patients' prognosis. Serum concentrations of VEGF were measured using a commercially available ELISA. Results were correlated to clinical...

Methods Study was conducted in ART centre, IMS, BHU. Patients who failed on first line ART (NACO criteria) were included in the study after consent. Virological, immunological and clinical response was assessed at 24 weeks. Independent t-test /Mann-Whitney U test was used for making comparison among the independent groups. Chi-square test was used to test the association between categorical var...

Design, trademark and patent are the intellectual properties that influence each other and become the core assets and ultimate commercial weapons of the companies. In this study, we researched the designs, trademarks and patents of Nike in depth. The secret of Nike brands are built up on the high technology. Nike also had very successful brands in the apparel and footwear industry. In 2006, Int...

structural steel sections are mainly used in beams and columns of building frames. iran national steel industrialgroup is among the oldest and largest producers of beams in iran. it has two beam production lines, namely line630 and line 650. in this study, the mechanical properties of manufactured beams in these production lines werecompared. based on the t-test results, the elongation is signi...

Vitamin D3 shows tumoristatic and anticancer effects by acting through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), while hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 at position 1α by CYP27B1 is an essential step in its activation. The expression of both the VDR and CYP27B1 has been found in many normal and cancer tissues, but there is a lack of information about its expression in human bladder cancers. The aim of ...

BACKGROUND Research suggests that participants do not always adequately understand studies. While some consent interventions increase understanding, methodologic challenges have been raised in studying consent outside of actual trial settings. This study examined the feasibility of testing two consent interventions in actual studies and measured effectiveness of interventions in improving under...

Let {X1, . . . , Xm} and {Y1, . . . , Yn} be two samples independent of each other, but the random variables within each sample are stationary associated with one dimensional marginal distribution functions F and G, respectively. We study the properties of the classical WilcoxonMann-Whitney statistic for testing for stochastic dominance in the above set up.