Cotton is a global cash crop with significant contribution in the world economy. Optimum nutrient and water supply are most important for sustainable cotton production under warmer dry environments. Field experiments were carried out to evaluate cumulative impacts of various nitrogen doses mulches on semi-arid conditions during 2018 2019. Four doses; 0, 70, 140, 210 kg ha−1 three types mulch: c...

Sixteen rams (mean age: 13 mo; mean live weight: 40.0 ± 2.4 kg) were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design (4 rams per treatment). Diets (dry matter basis) contained 65% concentrate and 35% alfalfa hay (control diet, T1), 35% wheat straw (T2), 35% barley straw (T3) or 35% maize straw (T4). Total-tract apparent digestibility for dry matter, organic matter...

a solid state fermentation method was used to utilize wheat straw as substrates for citric acid production by using aspergillus niger atcc 9142. the plackett burman design (pbd) of experiments was used to test the relative importance of the variables affecting production such as moisture content, age of spore, inoculum size, initial ph of substrate, methanol concentration, incubation temperatur...

A field experiment was conducted in a cider-apple orchard to evaluate the effect of six groundcover management systems (pine-bark, plastic and straw mulches, tillage, herbicide and natural soil) on the occurrence of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Eight species of carabids were collected in pitfall traps. The three most common beetles, Steropus gallega Fairmaire (65.8%), Pseudophonus ru...

An experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2019-20 with the objective evaluating effect mulching and nutrient management practices on growth, yield economics maize (Zea mays L.) at Balindi Research Complex, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal, India clay loam soil. The laid out in Randomized Block Design nine treatment (T) combinations such as T1- Live mulch (Trifoli...

Ten treatment combinations comprising five different organic sources viz., Vermicompost, FYM, NADEP-compost, Bangalore-compost and No manure two levels of mulching mulch with wheat straw @ 2.5t/ha no were evaluated in randomized block design factorial concept four replications. An application vermicompost recorded significantly higher plant height (13.72, 30.00 54.56 cm at 30, 60 DAS harvest, r...

We monitored soil respiration (Rs), soil temperature (T) and volumetric water content (VWC%) over four years in one typical conventional and four alternative cropping systems to understand Rs in different cropping systems with their respective management practices and environmental conditions. The control was conventional double-cropping system (winter wheat and summer maize in one year--Con.W/...