Historically, issues of gender, race and the environment have received little attention in mainstream International Relations (IR) scholarship. Great strides have been made, however, in interrogating the inadequacies of the field in these areas and, similarly, in demonstrating the necessity of expanded definitions of security and violence in IR. Despite these strides, mainstream environmental s...

The present study compares two measures most frequently used to assess pragmatic competence: Written Discourse Completion Tasks (WDCT) and Oral Discourse Completion Tasks (ODCT). The study focuses on these two speech act data collection methods and explores the validity of using different forms of Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs) in non-Western contexts. Twenty four Iranian university students...

Based on Fairclough’s three-dimensional and Van Dijk’s “ideological square” model of Critical Discourse Analysis, this study is aimed to analyze a self-built corpus which comprised 29 news reports extracted from western newspapers 48 Chinese under the approach discursive practice, power ideology. To that end, analysis conducted comparative keywords key clusters lists, collocations “China is, Ch...

this research effort to understand the qasim amin thinking about the woman question. this article responds to this question that how did  he formulat­ his texts? in this regard, he used fairclough critical discourse analysis theoretical approach­. theory of this article is his books shows inequality in social rights of women. he undermines traditional egyptian society and he influenced by the w...

Abstract Ten years on since the Arab uprisings we are in a position to assess how nexus between knowledge, discourse and practice had bearing trajectory of protests. They represented hope change for millions Arabs region, but what extent was that case onlookers Europe US, did western events Middle East matter? While toppling longstanding dictators met with jubilation by populations, it converse...