Qatar is a peninsula bordering the Arabian Gulf and Saudi Arabia. The country occupies an area of 11,437 square kilometers that roughly stretches 160 kilometers long and 70 kilometers wide. Doha is the capital of the country and the major administrative, commercial, and population center. The population of Qatar according to recent census was as high as 1,700,000 and the total number of live bi...

BACKGROUND Military fatalities occur in clusters, and causes differ between theatres of operation or within-theatre over time. AIM Based on around 500 coalition deaths, identify major causes in Iraq and Afghanistan. For consecutive periods (1: May 1 to September 17, 2006, 2: September 18, 2006 to February 4, 2007), ascertain UK and others' numbers deployed to compare fatality rates per 1000-p...

In 2003 an unusually forthcoming U.S. battalion commander told the New York Times how he would win Iraqi hearts and minds: “With a heavy dose of fear and violence, and a lot of money for projects, I think we can convince these people that we are here to help them.”[1] To Roger Petersen, an MIT political scientist, this statement epitomizes the problem with Western military intervention–a proble...

Hydatid disease is an important zoonotic disease with a worldwide distribution. In the Middle East, as well as in some other parts of the world, it has always been a serious economic and public health problem. The disease is endemic and enzootic in Iraq. In Iraq, the disease is caused by Echinococcus granulosus but a multilocular hydatid cyst of E. multilocularis has been recovered from the liv...

The MULINEM (The Medieval Urban Landscape in Northeastern Mesopotamia) project is aiming to investigate a Late Sasanian and Islamic urban network in the land of Erbil, historic province of Hidyab (Adiabene) that is located in the northern Iraq. The research of the hierarchical urban network in a defined area belongs to approaches rarely used in the study of the Islamic urbanism. The project foc...

In August 1990, Saddam Hussein's army invaded Kuwait and consequently the United Nations imposed economic sanctions on Iraq. In 1991, an international military alliance expelled the Iraqi army from Kuwait during a short war. Nevertheless, the economic sanctions remained in place-their removal required that Iraq should destroy its weapons of mass destruction. Subsequent years saw reports of acut...

1National Tuberculosis Programme Manager, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq. 2Department of Community Medicine, Saddam College of Medicine, Baghdad, Iraq. 3Chest and Respiratory Diseases Institute, Baghdad, Iraq. ABSTRACT A cross-sectional study was made of 500 patients and 500 health care workers randomly selected from 250 primary health care centres throughout Iraq to evaluate knowledge, atti...

Political thought and behavior play an important role in our lives, from ethnic tensions in Europe, to the war in Iraq and the Middle Eastern conflict, to parliamentary and presidential elections. However, little is known about how the individual's political attitudes and decisions are shaped by subtle national cues that are so prevalent in our environment. We report a series of experiments tha...

Gypsum is a soluble material, and it one of the problematic components in soil west Iraq. Al-Najaf governorates Iraq which suffers from gypsum content different levels. The city mainly sand-sized particles bonded by percentages gypsum. main problem this component dissolution upon wetting process. This paper investigates effect decreasing matric suction (wetting) on deformation under specific st...