UNLABELLED The limit of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex is defined genetically, based on a strongly supported clade within the Colletotrichum ITS gene tree. All taxa accepted within this clade are morphologically more or less typical of the broadly defined C. gloeosporioides, as it has been applied in the literature for the past 50 years. We accept 22 species plus one subspec...

Due to the double disturbance effect of dredging and filling, there will be a problem with weir slope stability after formation fill type saturated clay weir. In order study influence water-level fluctuation on instability seepage failure dump-fill cofferdam, saturated-unsaturated theory strength reduction method are embedded into finite element system such that fluid-solid coupling cofferdam i...

A detailed experimental laboratory analysis of the effect crest shape on discharge coefficient sharp-crested weirs is presented in paper. The experiments were conducted for four different shapes. and analyses show that capacity, particular, are significantly affected by weir height. It stated conclusion rounded has highest capacity. In practice, sharp crested generally preferred to other shapes...

Scour in bed material downstream weirs is considered the most unfavorable process which threats the overall stability of the weir. Weirs with oblique angle in the horizontal plan will affect the scour profile downstream the structure and may reduce it. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of oblique weir angle on the scour profile. Furthermore, the effect of V-notch angle on...

Orifice-weir structures at ditch outlets are proposed to reduce peak drainage rates during high flows and to store water during the growing season in poorly drained managed pine plantations. Two coastal watersheds, one conventionally drained (D1) and another with an orifice-weir outlet (D3), were monitored to examine the effects of this orifice treatment on drainage outflows and nutrient export...

In this study, the effect of channel-bed slope and non-prismatic converging channel on discharge coefficient labyrinth weirs is numerically investigated utilizing FLOW-3D model. Numerical simulation results show that modifying weir through both methods improves coefficient. Among selected bed slopes wall, β=4% angle θ=10° yielded highest For a ratio HT/P=0.1, (HT: flow height, P: height) rate f...

Fritz John and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type optimality conditions for a nondifferentiable multiobjective variational problem are derived. As an application of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type optimality conditions, Mond-weir type second-order nondifferentiable multiobjective dual variational problems is constructed. Various duality results for the pair of Mond-Weir type second-order dual variational problems...

Basic experiments were conducted on a large-size broad-crested weir with a rounded corner. Detailed free-surface, velocity, and pressure measurements were performed for a range of flow conditions. The results showed the rapid flow distribution at the upstream end of the weir and next to the weir brink at large flow rates. The flow properties above the crest were analyzed taking into account the...