Reduction of migration of fecal coliforms (FC) and streptococci (FS) by limiting the leaching in effluent-irrigated soil was tested in lysimeters packed with quartz sand without or with added biosolids compost or with one of two clayey soils. The 200-L, 70-cm-deep lysimeters were either planted with a Eucalyptus camaldulensis or an Oroblanco citrus tree (in the sand only), or not planted. The E...

this study was undertaken to investigate the feasibility of treating industrial wastewater using soil and plant system. nine cylindrical plastic-lysimeters (60 cm diameter and 100 cm height) equipped with a drain pipe at the bottom were filled by granular sandy-loam soil. sunflower, oat and fescue were planted each in three lysimeters, in order to investigate the effectiveness of plants in lead...

Accurate partitioning of the evaporation (E) and transpiration (T) components of evapotranspiration (ET) in remote sensing models is important for evaluating strategies aimed at increasing crop water productivity. A two-source energy balance (TSEB) model designed for row crops solves the energy balance of the soil-canopy-atmosphere continuum using surface brightness temperature. By solving the ...

Evapotranspiration (ET) estimates are required for many applications in agricultural and environmental management, from hydrological applications to crop models and irrigation scheduling. Improvement in irrigation water management is achieved when crop water use is accurately quantified in time and space. Conventionally, ET can be measured using Bowen ratio energy balance systems, eddy covarian...

We tested the hypothesis that whole-tree water consumption of olives (Olea europaea L.) is fruit load-dependent and investigated the driving physiological mechanisms. Fruit load was manipulated in mature olives grown in weighing-drainage lysimeters. Fruit was thinned or entirely removed from trees at three separate stages of growth: early, mid and late in the season. Tree-scale transpiration, c...

The impact of climate variability on the water cycle in desert ecosystems is controlled by biospheric feedback at interannual to millennial timescales. This paper describes a unique field dataset from weighing lysimeters beneath nonvegetated and vegetated systems that unequivocally demonstrates the role of vegetation dynamics in controlling water cycle response to interannual climate variabilit...

The present study had as its main objective the evaluation of the heat balance method in young orange and mango plants under protected environment. The work was carried out at Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits, Cruz das Almas, BA. Later on, estimates of sap flow were conducted for two mango plants cultivated in pots of 15 and 50 L installed on weighting platforms of 45 and 140 kg; sap flow wa...

The increasing demands for environmental protection and sustainable food production require an increase in the use of natural and non-toxic materials for agriculture. In this study, the feasibility of using surfactant-modified zeolite (SMZ) in comparison with zeolite clinoptilolite (Cp) application to reduce nitrate leaching and enhance crop growth was investigated. The effects of size (millime...

This may cause an unrealistic soil moisture regime and may effect crop growth. A method was developed to obtain large undisturbed soil cores To more closely represent an uninterrupted soil coland instrument those cores to collect vadose zone leachate data under agricultural field conditions. Twenty undisturbed soil core lysimeters umn at the point of leachate collection, a vacuum extracwere con...

Evapotranspiration (E,) was estimated for plant, first ratoon and second ratoon crops in a sugarcane field by means of the water balance in a large plastic-lined lysimeter (405 m2) and three small weighed lysimeters (each 3,71 m2). For the first 230 days of the plant crop of the experiment the mean daily estimates of E , from the large and small lysimeters were 4,14 mm and 4,16 mm respectively....