The host suitability of five of the most common weed species occurring in maize (Zea mays L.) fields in South Africa to Pratylenchus zeae was tested. Based on the number of nematodes per root unit, mealie crotalaria (Crotalaria sphaerocarpa) was a good host; goose grass (Eleusine indica), common pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus), and thorn apple (Datura stramonium) were moderate hosts; and khaki we...

a field experiment was conducted to investigate the spatial distribution of nutsedge (cyperus spp) during rice growing season using geostatic in 2011 at sari agricultural sciences and natural resources university. at the first field was divided into 36 grids (2.5×2.5 meter) after the final preparation. grid intersection points were determined and marked. all samples were taken from these points...

this study was carried out to evaluate empirical models of competition, as two separated experiments based on a randomized complete block design with 3 replications at agricultural faculty of bu-ali sina university, in 2008-2009. in both experiments, alvand and sayson cultivar were planted with densities of 450 plants m-2. in the 1st experiment, feral rye (secale cereale) with densities of 0, 2...

Genetically modified maize tolerant to broad-spectrum herbicides may greatly alter weed flora composition, abundance and therefore affect organisms of higher trophic levels, including herbivore and detritivore arthropods and their natural enemies. This three-year study measured the effects on arthropods of an intensive use of broad-spectrum herbicides in comparison with one application of conve...

This paper describes a dynamic simulation model that allows for comprehensive assessment of integrated weed management programmes for the control of annual barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli complex) in Philippine rice farming systems. The main outputs of the model include weed seed and plant densities and seasonal and annualised profit over the simulated planning horizon. Results broadly in...

Insect-mediated indirect interactions between native plant species recently have been shown to be important determinants of plant performance in a number of ecological communities. However, the potential indirect effects of exotic plant invasion on native plant species are not well understood. We examined whether the presence or proximity of the targeted exotic weed, musk thistle, influences th...

Site-specific weed management requires sensing of the actual weed infestation levels in agricultural fields to adapt the management accordingly. However, sophisticated sensor systems are not yet in wider practical use, since they are not easily available for the farmers and their handling as well as the management practice requires additional efforts. A new sensor-based weed detection method is...

Among the physiological races of Nacobbus aberrans Thorne and Allen, only the "sugarbeet" race is present in the United States (5). This race reproduces on kochia (Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), and sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) but not on pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L. and S. tuberosum subsp, andigena Jus. and Buk.) (5). Koch...

objective: field experiment was conducted in 2009 to investigate the effects of plant density and weed interference on morphological characteristics and yield of corn (zea mays, l.) at research station of university of tabriz, tabriz, iran. methods: the experiment was arranged as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. plant density (d1, d2, d3 and d4: 5, 7...