In the deregulated power systems, transmission congestion is one of the significant and main problems of the electrical networks which can cause incremental cost in the energy. This problem has resulted to new challenging issues in different parts of power systems which there was not in the traditional systems or at least had very little importance. Transmission congestion happens when the maxi...

In disaster situations, special support for the weak are crucial to keep them safe. Common evacuation strategies guide individuals shelters closest their present locations. If evacuees unevenly distributed across areas, some will not be able accommodate all arriving due limited capacity of shelters. To tackle this, existing method decides destinations each evacuee considering congestion in area...

Here, we establish the existence of weak solutions to a wide class time-dependent monotone mean-field games (MFGs). These MFGs are given as system degenerate parabolic equations with initial and terminal conditions. To construct these solutions, consider high-order elliptic regularization in space–time. Then, applying Schaefer’s fixed-point theorem, obtain uniqueness for this regularized proble...

Traffic oscillation, stop and go traffic, is created by different reasons such as: sudden speed drop of leader vehicle. Stop and go traffic commonly is observed in congested freeways results in traffic oscillation. Many theories had been presented to define congestion traffic based on laws of physics such as: thermodynamics and fluid. But, these theories could not explain the complexity of driv...

Under the smart grid environments, Demand Response Resources (DRRs) as power system resources can effectively participate in and improve performance of electric systems. Congestion management is one of the technical challenges in which DRRs can play a significant role. Previously, congestion management is applied without considering the power system uncertainties. Therefore, a stochastic conges...

During the last years, the concept of input congestion and technical ineff-ciency in data envelopment analysis (DEA), have been investigated by manyresearchers. The motivation of this paper is to present models which obtain thedecreased output value due to input congestion and technical ineciency. More-over, we extend the models to estimate input congestion, technical ineciencyand output reduct...

Choice functions on tournaments always select the maximal element (Condorcet winner), provided they exist, but this property does not hold in the more general case of weak tournaments. In this paper we analyze the relationship between the usual choice functions and the set of maximal elements in weak tournaments. We introduce choice functions selecting maximal elements, whenever they exist. Mor...

This paper is concerned with problem of signalling congestion link price information to a receiver using single bit marks. An efficient method was presented in [1] which exploits side information in the IPid field of the IP header to allow the maximum price on a flow’s path to be estimated. In this paper we provide analysis to support the claim that the scheme can track a changing price. We con...

Attempts to model interstellar colonization may seem hopelessly compromised by uncertainties regarding the technologies and preferences of advanced civilizations. If light speed limits travel speeds, however, then a selection e ect may eventually determine frontier behavior. Making weak assumptions about colonization technology, we use this selection e ect to predict colonists' behavior, includ...