Background: The study was to evaluate the eff ect of Wave One fi le system s and One Shape fi le system on the dentine thickness in the apical area of the root canal. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 40 freshly extracted human mandibular fi rst molars were taken. All the teeth were categorized into two groups namely Group I: Wave One, Group II: One Shape. Mesio buccal canal of m...

In this paper, a novel arrangement for dual-band millimeter-wave and infrared focal plane array based on slot-antennacoupled metal-oxide-metal diodes is demonstrated. The receiving properties for millimeter-wave and infrared antenna-coupled detector pixels are presented. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 46: 78–80, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.inters...

A method of absolute testing of a cylindrical wavefront is presented. The method is a merging of the random ball test method with the fiber optic reference test. The random ball test assumes a large number of interferograms of a good quality sphere with errors that are statistically distributed such that the average of the errors goes to zero. The fiber optic reference test utilizes a specially...

We examine the phenomenon of negative refraction using wave packet propagation. The behavior of a single plane wave incident from vacuum onto a flat surface of a medium with a negative index of refraction is solved analytically. The solution requires matching electromagnetic field components across the interface and produces a reflected and a refracted wave in addition to the incident wave. We ...

BACKGROUND Monolithic scintillators read out by arrays of photodetectors represent a promising solution to obtain high spatial resolution and the depth of interaction (DOI) of the annihilation photon. We have recently investigated a detector geometry composed of a monolithic scintillator readout on two sides by silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) arrays, and we have proposed two parameters for the D...

The localization of wave functions in real space is known to be extremely helpful in the investigation of the electronic properties and in the development of O(N) methods. However, maximally localized wave functions in real space do not provide a good representation of the Bloch orbitals of a metallic system, where the localization procedure is very inefficient and of little use. On the other h...

Emphasis in the paper is placed on describing guided wave successes and challenges for applications in aircraft, composite materials and pipeline inspection. Guided wave imaging methods discussed includes such topics as line of sight, tomography, guided wave C scan, phased array, and ultrasonic vibration methods. Applications outlined encircles lap splice, bonded repair patch, fuselage corrosio...

A novel linearized interrogation method is presented for a Fourier domain mode-locked (FDML) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system. In a high speed regime over several tens of kHz modulations, a sinusoidal wave is available to scan the center wavelength of an FDML wavelength-swept laser, instead of a conventional triangular wave. However, sinusoidal wave modulation suffers from an exaggerated...