This project was conducted in an Australian rural base hospital. It compared the Norton and Waterlow pressure ulcer risk assessment scales with an informal nurse assessment via a prevalence and an incidence study of inpatients. This study, more a pilot study due to the small sample size, suggests that the pressure ulcer prevalence and incidence within this Australian hospital was comparable to ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the severity of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) in iodine deficient subjects and to assess the impact of PEM on thyroid size. METHODS 1002 subjects (530 school-aged children and 472 adults) were assessed for PEM by direct anthropometric measurements of height, weight, triceps skinfold (TSF) thickness, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) and thigh circumference (TC), and d...

The syndrome of severe protein malnutrition in infants, complicated as it frequently is by refractory vomiting or frank gastro-enteritis, presents gross electrolyte disturbances. Most notable of these is potassium depletion and an accumulation of sodium (Hansen, 1956; Frenk, Metcoff, Gomez, Ramos-Galvan, Cravioto and Antonowicz, 1957; Waterlow and Mendes, 1957). In addition, magnesium deficienc...

Tscherne, J. S., Weinstein, I. B., Lanks, K. W., Gersten, N. B. & Cantor, C. R. (1973) Biochemistry 12,3859-3865 vanVenrooij, W. J., Poort, C., Kramer, M. F. & Jansen, M. T. (1972) Eur. J. Biochem. 30, 427-433 vanVenrooij, W. J., Kuijper-Lenstra, A. H. & Kramer, M. F. (1973) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 312, 392-398 Vennegoor, C., Stols, A. & Bloemendal, H. (1972) J. Mol. Biol. 65, 375-378 Waterlow, ...

Although the literature of kwashiorkor is now reaching large dimensions, few studies of the serum chemistry have so far appeared. The published results are difficult to summarize. There has been up to now no general agreement on diagnostic criteria, and the name kwashiorkor or one of its synonyms has undoubtedly been applied to diverse conditions arising from various causes in different parts o...

The protein-energy malnutrition classification schemes of Waterlow and McLaren, although similar in other respects, assess the weight-for-height of children in quite different ways. The drawbacks of their two methods are described, and an alternative method is presented which overcomes them. The new index is called weight/height2-for-age, and consists of the ratio weight/height2 expressed as a ...

We have been drawn to the use of stable isotopes rather than radioisotope tracers (Halliday & Rennie, 1982) as probes of human metabolism for a number of reasons. The most important of these are the lack of radioactive hazard, the higher sensitivity in some techniques such as measurement of tissue protein synthesis, and the ease of measurement of fractional enrichment in one instrument leading ...

‘The study of nutrition and the study of enzymes represent two sides of the same coin’ (Green, 1946). This statement is specially applicable in cases of nutritional oedema and kwashiorkor, both being states of protein malnutrition. Since enzymes are protein in nature it is to be expected that protein malnutrition will lead to a diminution in the quantity of enzymes. Acute starvation in rats pro...