Fluid losses (measured by body weight changes) and voluntary fluid intakes were measured in elite basketball, netball, and soccer teams during typical summer and winter exercise sessions to determine fluid requirements and the degree of fluid replacement. Each subject was weighed in minimal clothing before and immediately after training, weights, and competition sessions; fluid intake, duration...

Caffeine is suspected to affect gastrointestinal function. We therefore investigated whether supplementation of a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution (CES) sports drink with 150 mg/l caffeine leads to alterations in gastrointestinal variables compared with a normal CES and water using a standardized rest-exercise-rest protocol. Ten well-trained subjects underwent a rest-cycling-rest protocol thre...

s/Presentations Glickman-Weiss EL, CC Cheatham, N Caine, M Biegen, J Marcinkiewics (2001). The influence of ethnicity on thermosensitivity during cold water immersion. American College of Sports Medicine 48th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD Glickman-Weiss EL, CC Cheatham, N Caine, M Biegen, J Marcinkiewicz (2000). The relation between a cold air tolerance test and thermosensitivity in males and f...

resuscitation and promotion of local and indigenous sports among different classes of the rural society, requires identification and introduction of local and indigenous games and sports and careful planning at the strategic and operational levels. but unfortunately so far in the kermanshah province and even at the national level applied research fits this goal have not been conducted. this stu...

abstract nowadays, the management of water resources by planning through appropriate site selection, fish species storage and selection, enforcement and providing various side services has become a profitable, entrepreneurial and fun process. survey and usage of development of fee-fishing experience in the world wide represent a model in order to a better economical and fun plan offers and envi...

OBJECTIVES To assess the relationship between proximity to specific sports facilities and participation in the corresponding sports activities for adolescents in Germany. METHODS A sample of 1,768 adolescents aged 11-17 years old and living in 161 German communities was examined. Distances to the nearest sports facilities were calculated as an indicator of proximity to sports facilities using...

This study was carried out to determine the rate and types of injuries experienced by boardsailors. Results derive from: (a) a review of hospital medical records for water sports injuries, and (b) a questionnaire-interview of 73 athletes windsurfing on waters in the Galveston area during a hurricane and in moderate and light wind conditions. Windsurfers reported 0.22 injuries per 1,000 particip...