Water consumption is constantly increasing, mainly due to population growth, and resources are unfortunately shrinking. It becomes necessary save water. There many forms of saving water by protecting its resources, e.g. limiting leaks (generating losses) both in the installation on supply network, unreasonable needs (e.g. multiple use packaging or other objects), rainwater. The article presents...

Respiratory water loss in insects is a controversial topic. Whilst earlier studies considered respiratory transpiration a significant component of overall water loss, to the extent that it was thought to be responsible not only for the evolution of discontinuous gas exchange cycles (DGCs) but also for variation in DGC patterns, later work repeatedly questioned its importance. In particular, inv...

abstract: in this study the reliability of using response surface-neural network method to predict the osmotic dehydration properties of crookneck squash has been investigated. in order to carry out this project, the osmotic solution concentration, the osmotic solution temperature and immersion time were chosen as inputs and solid gain and water loss were selected as outputs of the designed net...

Access to deeper soil water and water-conserving traits should reduce water stress for ectomycorrhizal fungi, permitting function during drought. Here, we explored whether epigeous fruiting of ectomycorrhizal fungi during drought was facilitated by access to deep soil water, how much water was lost from sporocarps, and how sporocarp surface to volume ratios affected water-loss rates. We used ox...

The relationship of contracture and exudation of water in frozenthawed frog muscle was studied. With maximum shortening, there was a water loss of 35 per cent of the weight of muscle. By restricting the contraction, it was demonstrated that the amount of water loss was proportional to the degree of shortening, there being no significant loss with isometric contraction. Muscle already shortened ...

A steady-state model, based on a combination of empirical and mechanistic relationships, is developed to predict respiratory water loss from terrestrial vertebrates. Model parameters are evaluated from published data for the banner-tail kangaroo rat (Dipodomys spectabilis). A threedimensional representation of model behavior is presented, emphasizing the interaction of organismal and environmen...

1. Rates of water loss were measured in two aberrant scaleless water snakes, Natriu sipedon, and in six normal animals. 2. Pulmocutaneous water loss of the scaleless animals was equal to or less than that of the controls at 20, 27, and 34°C. 3. The thermal dependence of pulmocutaneous water loss in all snakes was low (Q,, = 1.31-1.89). 4. The proportion of total water loss due to cutaneous evap...