BACKGROUND There are concerns that altered thyroid functioning could be the result of ingesting too much fluoride. Community water fluoridation (CWF) is an important source of fluoride exposure. Our objectives were to examine the association between fluoride exposure and (1) diagnosis of a thyroid condition and (2) indicators of thyroid functioning among a national population-based sample of Ca...

introduction: diagnosis of tuberculosis under the national tuberculosis control program (ntcp) is based on microscopic examination of sputum. the main objective of this study was to assess the perception of physicians and patients regarding the importance of chest x-ray in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis with a view to suggest corrective measures. materials & methods: one hundred and eighty t...

background: splenic cysts are rare in all age groups and there are a few reports in the world literature. primary cysts occur most frequently in children and young adults, comprising around 25% of all nonparasitic splenic cysts. various techniques are suggested for the treatment of splenic cysts. in this case report, a huge epithelial splenic cyst in a 17-year-old female is presented and differ...

Acanthamoeba spp is one of the common protozoa in soil, usually found in fresh water and other habitats. We are presenting a case of Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis presented with unusual symptoms of third, fourth, sixth, and seventh nerve palsy with diplopia, ptosis, and migraine. Differential diagnosis of tuberculous (TB) meningitis was initially considered but was ruled out by CSF TB PCR....

Acanthamoeba keratitis is a type of protozoa keratitis caused by free-living fresh water Amoeba. It recently gains importance because of increasing incidence, difficulty in diagnosis and unsatisfactory treatment. It is seen more commonly in contact lens wear using homemade saline or may be in non-contact lens wearers due to swimming or bathing in contaminated water. This infection is commonly c...