Objective: Ileal transposition (IT) surgery has been reported to improve glucose and lipid metabolism, and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a powerful metabolic regulator. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of IT surgery on metabolism and its possible relationship with the FGF21 signaling pathway in diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. Methods: Ten-week-old male GK rat...

Recently, we characterized tumor suppressor candidate 5 (Tusc5) as an adipocyte-neuron PPARgamma target gene. Our objective herein was to identify additional genes that display distinctly high expression in fat and neurons, because such a pattern could signal previously uncharacterized functional pathways shared in these disparate tissues. gamma-Synuclein, a marker of peripheral and select cent...

Several studies indicate that maternal undernutrition sensitizes the offspring to the development of metabolic disorders, such as obesity. Using a model of perinatal maternal 50% food-restricted diet (FR50), we recently reported that rat neonates from undernourished mothers exhibit decreased leptin plasma levels associated with alterations of hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin system. The present...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to correlate specific fatty acid profiles of visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) with inflammatory signatures potentially associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Human adipocytes were isolated from biopsies of visceral WAT from 24 subjects subdivided in four groups: normal-weight (BMI 22.0-24.9 Kg/m2) and over-weight/obese (BMI 26.0-40.0 Kg/m2), af...

The transcription factor STAT1 plays a central role in orchestrating responses to various pathogens by activating the transcription of nuclear-encoded genes that mediate the antiviral, the antigrowth, and immune surveillance effects of interferons and other cytokines. In addition to regulating gene expression, we report that STAT1-/- mice display increased energy expenditure and paradoxically d...

Although several evidence has suggested the impact of exercise on prevention aging phenotypes, few studies have been conducted mechanism by which alters immune-cell profile, thereby improving metabolism in senile obesity. In this study, we confirmed that 4-week treadmill sufficiently improved metabolic function, including increased lean mass and decreased fat mass, 88-week-old mice. The express...

Thyroid hormones regulate adipogenic differentiation, lipogenic and lipolytic metabolism, and mitochondrial activity in adipose tissue. Triiodothyronine (T3) levels in tissues are regulated by the deiodinase enzymes. The objective was to study the activity and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of the 5' outer-ring deiodinases (type 1 [D1] and type 2 [D2] deiodinase) and thyroid hormone concentrat...

Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) is an outer-mitochondrial membrane transporter which has many functions including participation in the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), production of cellular energy, and is the rate-limiting step in the uptake of cholesterol. TSPO expression is dysregulated during disease pathologies involving changes in...

BACKGROUND The combination of oleoyl-estrone (OE) and a selective beta3-adrenergic agonist (B3A; CL316,243) treatment in rats results in a profound and rapid wasting of body reserves (lipid). METHODS In the present study we investigated the effect of OE (oral gavage) and/or B3A (subcutaneous constant infusion) administration for 10 days to overweight male rats, compared with controls, on thre...