Mixing of the highly non-homogeneous municipal solid wastes (MSW) on the traveling grate of mass-burn combustion chambers assists the combustion process in waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities. A matrix-based Markov chain model was developed to simulate particle flow and mixing as the solid waste particles travel over a reverse acting Martin grate. The model was used to project the pathway of a sol...

This work was part of a major study that examined the policy and technology implications of alternatives for managing the municipal solid wastes (MSW) of New York City. At this time, of the 4.1 million metric tons of MSW collected by the City annually, 16.6% are recycled, 12.4% are combusted in Waste-to-Energy (WTE) plants, and the remaining 71% are landfilled. Despite the heterogeneity of orga...

In 2006, the U.S. EPA published an inventory of dioxin emissions for the U.S. covering the period from 1987-2000. This paper is an updated inventory of all U.S. dioxin emissions to the atmosphere in the year 2012. The sources of emissions of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), collectively referred to in this paper as "dioxins", were separated into ...

Abstract Several issues such as environment, finance, and policies in the development of Waste to Energy (WtE) Indonesia require strategic appropriate handling. This study offers a promising solution by integrating WtE incineration process with carbon mineralization one Carbon Capture, Utilization, Storage (CCUS): adding CO 2 capture technology existing system will be reacted fly ash residue pr...

In Waste to Energy plants ((WtE)) is treatment of municipal solid waste a complex process that places strictly demands on design and operation technology. As part the general renovation WtE plant in Prague Malesice was installed an alternative concept for flue gas heating front Selective Catalytic Reduction System (SCR) DeNOx. This replaced original with natural burners steam using external ste...

Management of municipal solid wastes (MSW) in most developed societies now involves the use of thermo-chemical conversion methods. This leads to energy and material recovery while also protecting the environment. However, till date most of the wastes generated in Nigeria (including plastic wastes) are either land-filled or openly burnt. These methods are not sustainable and environmentally non-...

A 2007 WTERT survey (1) showed that the global waste-to-energy capacity (WTE) increased in the period 2001-2007 by about 4 million metric tons per annum. By far, the principal technology used globally for energy recovery from municipal solid wastes is combustion of “as received” MSW on moving grates (“mass burn” or stocker technology). The three dominant grate technologies, by Martin, Von Roll,...

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The emission of dioxins is perceived widely as a major environmental impact of combustion processes. This paper reports the results of an extensive study of published data on a) the physical and chemical properties of dioxins and their environmental transport mechanisms; b) the measured impacts of dioxin emissions on the environment and on public health.; c) the rate of format...