As one of the countries with large amounts of dioxin releases, the control of dioxins is a major challenge for China. Municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration should be considered a high priority source of dioxin emissions because it is playing an increasingly more important role in waste management. MSW incineration in China has much higher emission rates of dioxins than in the developed count...

In developing countries like Pakistan hospital waste management is one of the ignored areas that have further augmented the poor hygiene conditions. This study was undertaken to highlight the medical waste management condition in the capital city Islamabad and its twin city Rawalpindi. Seventeen hospitals located in Rawalpindi and Islamabad were visited; doctors, paramedical staff and sanitary ...

BACKGROUND Domestic waste generation has contributed significantly to hampering national waste management efforts. It poses serious threat to national development and requires proper treatment and management within and outside households. The problem of improper waste management has always been a challenge in Ghana, compelling several national surveys to report on the practice of waste manageme...

This study examines the effect of waste and recycling policy on scrap prices and the importance of scrap price feedbacks as a determinate of the costs of waste and recycling policy. The effects of a deposit/refund, advance disposal fee, and recycling subsidies on scrap prices are derived, and the direct and indirect channels of waste reduction are decomposed for the three instruments. Scrap pri...

AIM The aim of this study was to determine awareness of biomedical waste (BMW) management policies and practices among dental professionals and auxiliary staff in a dental hospital/clinics in Amritsar, India, to inform the development of future policies for effective implementation of BMW rules. METHOD The study involved 160 staff members at the Amritsar hospital/clinics (80 dentists and 80 a...

In the past 20 years, municipal solid waste policies have changed in response to societal and environmental changes. Municipal solid waste policies in many countries become more complicated and numerous. This paper reviews several models developed to support decision making in the area of municipal solid waste management (MSWM). It has been discovered that many modern decisionmaking support sys...

Greater use of waste reduction is now impeded by a number of factors, including a tendency to include it among waste management techniques to reduce the use of land disposal. Government and industry can purposefully or unwittingly provide incentives for and raise barriers against waste reduction. Creating institutional support for waste reduction will draw attention to it as a feasible environm...

BACKGROUND Large amounts of expired and unused medications accumulate in households. This potentially exposes the public to hazards due to uncontrolled use of medications. Most of the expired or unused medications that accumulate in households (household medical waste) is thrown to the garbage or flushed down to the sewage, potentially contaminating waste-water, water resources and even drinkin...

As state and local officials struggle with the challenge of organizing and implementing solid waste management programs, they are faced with choices laden with emotional, political, scientific and economic influences. Trash-to­ energy, an important part of many states' disposal options, brings with it policy issues reflective of its unique processes. Recycling, emissions levels, and ash managem...

As the link between health and environmental quality is receiving due attention, the commitment to safeguard the environment from both the physical and social impacts associated with hospital waste is growing. Many aspects of human well-being are influenced by the environment and many diseases can be initiated, promoted, sustained or stimulated by environmental factors. Environmental health is ...