Approximately 15% of overall Australian household water usage is in the laundry; hence, a significant reduction in household drinking water demand could be achieved if potable-quality water used for clothes washing is replaced with recycled water. To investigate the microbiological safety of using recycled water in washing machines, bacteriophages MS-2 and PRD-1, Escherichia coli, and Cryptospo...

The U.S. FDA [1] process validation guidance document released in 2011 increased the emphasis on continued process verification: “ongoing assurance is gained during routine production that the process remains in a state of control”. Until recently, in a washing system, conductivity analysis was the only on-line method used to monitor the quality of the final rinse water. Now, developments in th...

The trend towards the adoption of direct drive washing machines utilizing PM motors is increasing due to the mechanical simplicity, high performance and efficiency of the system. This work deals with design and performance of a sensorless PM motor drive for washing machines. An implicit rotor position detection unit which consists of groups of search coils are inserted into the motor stator. A ...

Garments washing is one of the most important finishing treatments applied on apparels which have vital use to create special outlooks and improving the fashion. Technologically washing is one of the most important fashion elements for clothing industry and production of washed garments depends on the machine quality. In order to achieve an optimum effect of washing process, on the woven fabric...